Running News Daily

Try this workout anytime, anywhere

Adjust this bread-and-butter workout to suit whatever time and terrain you have available.

Even the most organized and well-prepared runner occasionally finds themselves scrambling to fit training into an overly busy schedule, or trying to slot it around unexpected life events. It’s helpful to have a few simple workouts that can flex with whatever time and terrain you have available. This session can fit seamlessly into your regimen, with customizable intervals to match your aim and ability.

No matter what your end goals are, you’re probably doing some combination of easy runs and speedwork, hill intervals and longer runs; most training plans also include tempo runs. Tempo sessions involve intervals that are run at a “comfortably hard” pace—this boosts your anaerobic threshold, so your body adapts to performing comfortably at a higher intensity.

The workout

Warm up with 10-15 minutes of easy running.

Run 5-10 x 3 minutes at 10K effort with 1 minute of easy recovery, aiming to stay consistent throughout all intervals.

Cool down with 10-15 minutes of easy running.

How to modify

If you’re training for a longer race like a marathon or ultra, extend your intervals and ease up on your pace. You should still be running at an effort that takes focus to maintain, but opt for a half-marathon pace (or slightly slower).

Short on time but still want maximum impact? Tighten up your intervals, ramp up your speed or cut your recovery time in half: try running 10 x 2 minutes with 30 seconds between intervals, at 5K pace. Feel free to shorten the length of your warmup and cooldown times, but make sure your legs feel fully prepared to work hard. Alternatively, if you have a few extra minutes when you have completed your cooldown and really want to finish your legs off, tack on a quick series of strength exercises, like these. 

This session works on the road, trails or treadmill, and if you’re training for a hilly race, simply take those intervals uphill. Make sure to follow a harder training session with an easy recovery or rest day.

Running with Your Dog Is Good for Your Health, According to Science

Running with your dog offers great health benefits for you and your four-legged friend. Here's what we know. We all know that running makes humans healthier. Lace up a pair of shoes and, before you know it, you’re experiencing a boosted immune system, stronger body, higher bone density, and enhanced overall wellness. In many ways, running provides athletes with a fountain of youth.

But running with your dog further maximizes those perks, allowing you to further capitalize on your time on the trail. It’s easy to write this idea off, claiming that dogs just make us happier, so, of course we’d love our doggy trail runs more than our solo runs. However, current research shows that owning and recreating with a dog not only boosts mental health, it also boosts your physical strength and fitness. After looking into the details, here’s what else we know about the benefits of running with your dog.Research consistently demonstrates that spending time outside has largely positive impacts on the human mind, helping to calm anxiety and depression while boosting concentration and attention. It turns out that owning a dog increases the amount of time that you spend outside. In fact, dog owners have been shown to spend three times the amount of time exercising than non-dog owners. Plus, your running endurance gets a huge boost when you grab your pet and hit the trails.

British runner and coach Holly Stables, a former elite international marathoner and mountain runner, said that sometimes the UK’s weather makes her want to train inside, but being a dog owner forces her to get outside. “Sometimes I want to go on the treadmill,” she said, “but I can’t because I have to take the dog out.”

She added that running with your dog is likely to make the pet stronger, which can be both a blessing and a curse. Once they reach that peak level of fitness, they need to more regularly blow off steam, making you even more accountable to getting outside.

Stables said that her dog is easily as excited to get out the door as she is (more on this later), a sentiment he conveys by sitting at the bottom of the stairs while she puts her running shoes on, which makes it really difficult to choose to leave him at home. However, finding the balance between taking your dog on a run and prioritizing your training can be tricky.“I think having a dog to run with, especially if you run a few times a week, is perfect. If you’re training really hard, it can be tricky,” she said.

For some runners, owning a dog might be just what they need to create a regular routine. Those who operate on a strict training schedule might find balancing doggy runs with training to be challenging. Or, in Stables’s case, sometimes she’ll take her dog out for the first few miles before dropping him off at home and continuing her journey.

Jeffrey Stern, a California-based runner and coach, agrees that owning dogs is more likely to get him out the door. “In my experience, most dogs want to get out and play and walk. It definitely keeps you active,” he said. “The daily walk, or even the daily double, is pretty non-negotiable. One of [my dogs] doesn’t like the rain; the other doesn’t mind the rain. But they’ve gotta get out. So even if we’re not running we’re walking or hiking. That’s definitely one of the benefits of having dogs—you can only be lazy to a point.”

Dog breeds and personalities vary widely, which means the effects of running with them may vary, too. Some dogs might be willing to sustain a fast pace for large chapters of time, while others might struggle with pacing or simply refuse to speed up.

Stern finds that his dogs increase the fun factor, and they often drive him to run faster. “I don’t run with them every day, but on the days I do we’re definitely moving,” he said. They add to his motivation, which can be a helpful tool on speed runs. “On days when I want to run fast, I’ll take them. They kind of know one speed until they drop (which is kind of the opposite of my training principle). I don’t think pacing is their strong suit.”

Stern’s dog’s relentlessness can be both a powerful tool and an Achilles’ heel. While the quality helps him increase his pace in some situations, it can be difficult to get his dogs to slow down their pace, which is why he’ll leave them home on moderate runs.Dog lovers almost immediately experience the feel-good release of oxytocin upon seeing a pup. Being around dogs not only makes many people happier, it also has a positive impact on their cardiovascular health.

A Swedish study that evaluated 3.4 million people between the ages of 40 and 80 with no history of heart disease found that dog owners had a 15 percent lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Additionally, dog owners are 31 percent less likely to die of heart-related conditions like strokes and heart attacks.

Not only do dogs seem to have a direct impact on heart disease, but they’ve also been shown to decrease heart rate and blood pressure in humans, meaning that they likely reduce stress and anxiety in conjunction with reducing heart disease risk factors.

Many of these benefits are reciprocal, meaning that dogs that run also experience a reduction in cardiovascular disease, too, while boosting joint health, respiratory function, and immune strength. And since dogs are also highly attuned to their owners, reducing your own anxiety and stress levels can help you to lower your dog’s levels, as well.Finally, you’re not the only one that experiences the runner’s high. Dogs also experience this phenomenon, according to a study that was published in the Journal of Experimental Biology. Like the human endocannabinoid high, the dog’s runner’s high can last anywhere from a few minutes to a few hours, leaving them in a better state of both physical and mental health, which can lead to longer lives.

Additionally, running with your dog not only makes them feel good, but it also seems to increase the human-pup bond. “My first pointer was the love of my life from the time he was a pup. They’re very willful. They can really test you. When I started running with him, he just clicked. He wanted to be with you. It was so cool to see,” said Stables.

While, admittedly, there isn’t a wealth of research that evaluates whether people who are more inclined to own a dog are simply more active, there does seem to be a link between dog ownership and wellness. The benefits of running with your dog extend beyond the experience of joy. They encapsulate everything from enhanced fitness and health, to more feel-good chemicals and positive mental health outcomes.

Do you want to hold yourself accountable to spending more time on trail? Are you looking for ways to improve your overall health? Chances are that taking a pup out might help. Although the specific benefits of running with your dog are varied, the movement certainly contributes to better overhaul health, consistency, and accountability for both you and your furry friend.

Should trail running be an Olympic sport?

Did you know that off-road running was part of three historic summer Olympic Games, including the 1924 Olympics in Paris? One hundred years on, runners from four different clubs in Britain have come together to launch a campaign to bring trail running (as we now call it) back to the Olympics. The next Games to include new sports is Brisbane 2032, and the group of passionate trail runners feel strongly that trail running deserves a spot.

“At Paris 2024, four new sports are being added that include breakdancing, surfing, skateboarding and sport climbing,” runner Jimi Harrison said in an interview with British media outlet The Star. “We feel that new Olympic sports should reflect the trends and popularity of the current day and believe the time has come for trail running to be adopted at future Olympics.”

To raise awareness for the cause, Harrison and the group ran a relay of more than 455 km, from London to Paris. Their feat ended on Sunday in the French capital.

Backed by running shoe brand Merrell, the group are calling on Olympic decision-makers. They have written an open letter to representatives of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and International Trail Running Association (ITRA) to support their cause. (Merrell recently signed Olympian Alexi Pappas to its athlete roster. Pappas, who raced the 10,000m at Rio in 2016, setting a national record for Greece, ran two big trail ultras in 2023: the Black Canyon 100K and the Leadville 100.)

Some would argue that cross-country running is a more obvious fit for inclusion in the Olympics. With shorter, looped, spectator-friendly courses, cross-country could be more attractive to broadcasters, thus generating more interest. And cross-country usually features track runners. There is less crossover between track and trail running, though it’s not unheard of for track runners to transition to trails, as we have seen.

This is not the first attempt to bring trail running to the Olympics. In 2021, a trail running company from Spain launched its own campaign to bring it to the 2028 Olympics in Los Angeles. (They were not successful.)

Trail running has increased significantly in popularity in recent years, thanks partly to events like the Barkley Marathons, UTMB (Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc) and the Golden Trail Series, which make international news headlines.

Kipruto confident ahead of Paris Olympic Games debut

Kenyan long-distance runner Benson Kipruto has vowed to light up the 2024 Paris Olympic Games on his way to a podium finish.

Kipruto pledged a master-class act at the Games, saying he would be out to prove the nation’s mettle as an athletics powerhouse

Kipruto, 33, comprises the talent-laden list of Kenyan male marathoners tasked with flying the country’s flag at the premier quadrennial global showpiece.

He will hold forte for the East African athletics powerhouse alongside compatriots Eliud Kipchoge, Alexander Mutiso, Vincent Kipkemoi Ngetich and Timothy Kiplagat.

He heads to the French capital booted by impressive credentials in his stellar career having previously tucked away the 2021  Boston Marathon, the 2022  Chicago Marathon as well as the Tokyo Marathon earlier in the year.

Kipruto, who will be testing his grit for the first time in the official Kenyan colours, has pledged to stamp authority in his maiden assignment for the East African nation.

“I consider it a special honour to compete for my country in the Olympics because I’ll be doing it for the first time in my career. This means a lot to me,” Kipruto remarked.

It will also be the first time he will be involved in a team effort having battled on his own in the past. Kipruto, however, said he is not quaking in the boots at the thought of navigating the unfamiliar waters.

“It will be a whole new experience because I’m used to battling for individual effort as opposed to teamwork. I’m trying as much as I can to learn the new ropes.”

Kipruto said he is not under the pump to stamp his authority in Paris.

“I don’t feel any pressure since I know what the race entails. I have participated in many other races and, therefore, appreciate the significance of remaining calm.

“I’m ready for the challenge and up to the task ahead,” Kipruto stated. Kipruto said he will adopt a mental strategy in the cut-throat competition while acknowledging he will require a lot of resilience and fortitude to get the job done and dusted.

“The secret is to maintain your composure until the very end of the marathon. Therefore, it is crucial to always forget everything when you are at the starting line. The race is 42km long and requires one to exercise a lot of patience and refrain.”

The athlete said he draws inundated inspiration from his childhood hero Eliud Kipchoge whom he will unfortunately trail his guns on this time around.

Time on feet training–is it right for you?

Time on feet training is becoming increasingly popular, but who is it best for?

Time on Feet (ToF) training is an approach that prioritizes the duration of a run rather than specific distances. Emphasizing the time spent running, rather than the pace or distance covered, this training method can offer unique benefits for certain types of runners. Canadian Running spoke with Jason Fitzgerald, a coach, 2:39 marathoner and host of the Strength Running Podcast, to learn what ToF training entails and who should consider incorporating it into their program.

The basics

In ToF training, runners aim to meet a prescribed duration for their training runs instead of focusing on a specific distance. For instance, a training plan may specify a two-hour long run, rather than a set mileage. This approach allows them to maintain a consistent effort without the pressure of reaching mileage targets.

Benefits for competitive runners

Fitzgerald says ToF training can be particularly valuable for competitive runners who want to avoid the pressure of running at a specific pace. By prioritizing time, athletes can focus on maintaining a comfortable effort level without the constraints imposed by set distances. This approach allows for better pacing control and helps prevent overexertion during training.

Fitzgerald notes that race-specific workouts and training for specific distances should not be neglected entirely. While ToF training provides flexibility, distance-focused training is crucial to prepare for races that follow set distances. “Races are rarely run by time (i.e., the most you can run in one hour) so it’s helpful to focus on distance when you want to run race-specific workouts or ensure that you can finish a long race, like a marathon,” he says.

The benefits for new runners

For novice runners, ToF training offers a valuable approach to building endurance and capacity gradually. Rather than focusing solely on hitting specific distances, new runners can concentrate on running for longer durations. This approach allows their bodies to adapt and gradually increase their running capabilities, reducing the risk of injury associated with pushing distances too soon.

Considerations for track athletes

Track athletes primarily focus on shorter distances and require precise training to improve their speed and performance. “Their workouts will likely be on the track, which is a venue that helps you run particular distances more precisely,” says Fitzgerald. “But even track runners can use this methodology for some of their runs when distance isn’t important, like an easy “base” run for an hour.”

Utility for ultrarunners

Fitzgerald says ultrarunners, in particular, can greatly benefit from ToF training. This method prepares them to endure prolonged periods on their feet, including walking and rest stops during races. By practising running for extended periods, ultrarunners can develop the stamina and mental fortitude necessary to tackle gruelling events.

“Many ultramarathoners will venture onto the trails for a two- to four-hour long run. Their goal is time on feet, not distance or pace, which prepares them to stay on their feet for a very long time on race day,” he says.

How to add ToF training to your schedule

The good news is that implementing ToF training into your program is simple. “Just convert distances to time, and run those instead,” says Fitzgerald. “So if your training plan asks you to run four miles, you can instead run a certain amount of time that generally corresponds to that distance.” 

The bottom line

Time on feet is a great training option when you’re trying to control your pace during runs, prepare for a long race like an ultra or avoid increasing your mileage too quickly when you’re new to running or returning from an injury. It’s easy to implement, and can take some of the pressure off your runs, so you can get more enjoyment out of your training.

Edna Kiplagat opens up on how she managed to seal a podium finish in Boston

Kiplagat is still flying high at 44 years of age and is not showing signs of slowing down.

At 44, many athletes would be winding down their careers or already retired. However, for Edna Kiplagat, the journey continues.

The Kenyan distance running icon continues to defy age and expectations, delivering a stellar performance at the Boston Marathon on Monday that left spectators in awe.

Returning in the iconic streets of Boston, Kiplagat crossed the finish line in a remarkable 2:23:21, clinching a well-deserved third-place finish. What makes her achievement even more impressive is the fact that she was competing against athletes nearly half her age.

Like a vintage wine that only improves with time, Kiplagat's career trajectory showcases that age is merely a number. Her unwavering passion for the sport and relentless work ethic have enabled her to remain at the forefront of distance running, challenging and even outperforming her younger counterparts.

In a recent interview with KTN News, Kiplagat shared her reflections on the Boston Marathon and the challenges she encountered during the race.

"It was an exhilarating race, and I am delighted that we achieved a Kenyan podium sweep," Kiplagat remarked. "The competition was intense, with many athletes at their peak. I knew I had to be at my absolute best to remain competitive."

Expressing her gratitude for her podium finish, Kiplagat acknowledged the rigorous training that prepared her for the demanding race. "Standing on the podium is a testament to hard work, dedication, and ultimately, God's grace," she added.

Kiplagat's journey in the world of marathon running is nothing short of inspirational. She first burst onto the big city marathon scene by winning the New York Marathon io her debut 14 years ago. Since then, her career has been a fairytale journey across continents and championships.

With two World Marathon Majors trophies to her name and two World Championship marathon titles, Kiplagat's accolades speak volumes about her prowess as a distance runner. Her personal best of 2:19:50, achieved at the 2012 London Marathon, stands as a testament to her exceptional talent.

While many athletes might find it challenging to maintain peak performance over the years, Kiplagat continues to defy expectations. Known for her late-race surges, she has a knack for dramatically overtaking her opponents in the latter stages of a race, leaving them trailing in her wake.

As the world continues to marvel at her achievements, Edna Kiplagat remains a timeless legend in the world of distance running, inspiring generations of athletes with her resilience, determination, and unyielding spirit.

Abdi Nageeye reclaims Rotterdam Marathon title and sets new Dutch national record

Runners and fans honored world marathon record holder Kelvin Kiptum by observing a moment of silence before the race.

Runners and fans at the Rotterdam Marathon observed a poignant moment of silence on Sunday morning before the race, in memory of world marathon record-holder, Kenya’s Kelvin Kiptum, who died tragically in a car accident earlier this year. Many runners also paid tribute to his legacy by wearing black ribbons in his honour.

Kiptum, 24, had been slated to compete in Rotterdam, and had been hoping to challenge the 2:00 barrier. He made history by breaking the men’s marathon world record at the 2023 Chicago Marathon, in an astonishing time of 2:00:35, becoming the first man to run under the 2:01 mark.

Abdi Nageeye strikes gold again

Olympic silver medalist Nageeye reclaimed his Rotterdam Marathon title from 2022 and set a new Dutch national record in the process, crossing the line in 2:04:45 and besting his PB by 11 seconds. Nageeye secured victory by a mere five-second margin ahead of Ethiopia’s Amedework Walelegn, the 2020 world half marathon champion, with Birhanu Legese of Ethiopia claiming the third spot in 2:05:16.

The race began in near-perfect conditions, with a group of nine runners closely trailing the pacemakers through the initial kilometers. By the time the runners hit the 30K mark only seven runners remained in contention. With tactical precision, Nageeye surged ahead in the final kilometers to clinch his second victory in the race.

In 2022, Nageeye became the first Dutch runner to win the Rotterdam Marathon, setting what was at the time a new Dutch record of 2:04:56. The Somali-born runner, 35, took third in the New York City Marathon in the same year, and captured silver at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic marathon. The course record at the Rotterdam Marathon is 2:03.36, set three years ago by Tokyo Olympics marathon bronze medalist, Belgiums’s Bashir Abdi.

Ethiopia’s Ashete Bekere dominates women’s field

In the women’s race, 2019 Berlin Marathon winner Bekere also reclaimed her title as Rotterdam Marathon champion (Bekere won the race in 2019 in 2:22:55), capturing the win in 2:19:20. Kenya’s Viola Kibiwot was second in 2:20:57, followed by Kenya’s Selly Chepyengo in 2:22:46.

Bekere led from start to finish, followed by a lead pack of Sisay Meseret Gola of Ethiopia, Chepyengo and Kibiwot—the group cruised at course-record speed through the early kilometers of the race. Bekere surged ahead and had an eight-second lead by the 30K mark, and steadily built a commanding from there to secure the win.

Bekere,35, took third at the London Marathon in 2021, and second at the 2022 Tokyo Marathon.

Should you use a hydration vest during your marathon?

Hydration vests are becoming increasingly popular for road marathoners. Should you get one?

Do you need a hydration vest for racing a marathon? What about a half-marathon? Traditionally associated with trail running and ultrarunning, hydration vests are becoming more and more popular on the roads. But why do people wear them? And how useful are they for a marathon or half-marathon?

The case for the vest

The main reason people wear hydration vests is to ensure they have easy access to water during their runs. Hydration is important during long runs or races, particularly in hot weather, and carrying water bottles can be cumbersome and inefficient. A hydration vest provides a convenient and hands-free way to carry enough water or sports drinks to stay hydrated for a few hours. (Most come with either two 500 ml soft bottles that fit into pockets on the front of the vest, which you can drink from without removing them, or a larger hydration reservoir or “bladder” that fits in the back of the vest and from which you drink via a hose with a bite valve–or both. Popular brands like Salomon, Osprey, The North Face, and Nathan offer both.)

Many runners opt to fill one bottle with water and the other with electrolytes.

While most races provide water stations, they can be crowded, and they may not appear as frequently as you would like, so you may have trouble getting as much hydration as you need. 

Generally speaking, unless it is extremely hot and you’re racing on trails, you’re unlikely to need the volume of hydration provided by a vest for a half-marathon.

The case against the vest 

Some runners love hydration vests for the convenience and peace of mind they provide, but some find them uncomfortable. They may also make you even hotter on an already hot day, since they basically constitute an extra layer of clothing. The advantage is, they can usually hold significantly more fluids than a water belt (not to mention your other essentials, extra clothing, etc.); however, water is heavy, so you may prefer to opt for some combination of carrying your own water and relying on what’s provided on course.

During long training runs, you can plan your route based on the location of water fountains. Some runners even drive or bike their route ahead of time to stash water bottles along the way. Another option is to plan your route so you start from your doorstep and run the same smaller loop multiple times, allowing you to stop and hydrate at home after each lap.

It’s also important to make sure you’re adequately hydrated before a hot run or race. 

As with any other piece of gear, if you do decide to invest in a vest for your marathon, be sure to try it out on your long runs a few times before your big day.

Three tips for choosing races this spring

With warmer weather comes plenty of race choices each weekend for runners across Canada this spring. If you’ve got several races you’d like to run, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed when deciding which ones to choose and how to plan racing around training. Here are three tips for striking the right balance.

1.- Define your goals

Some races are great for your specific time goals this season (a flat course is perfect for a PB attempt), while other races may better serve as bucket-list events.

Define what you’re looking to accomplish in your running this season. Is your focus on a particular distance, or are you looking to try something new?

Limit yourself to one or two goals per season that will leave you feeling fulfilled and accomplished by summer. Spacing these goals out to one per month is one way to give yourself enough time in between to build, execute and recover.

2.- Balance goal execution with fun

Another strategy is using a fun race as a training day. Say you’re looking to PB in your half-marathon, but you also want to try a trail race this spring. Try finding a suitable trail race to run as a tune-up or long run ahead of your “A race” (the half-marathon). This is a great way to spice up your weekend running, get that fun event under your belt and still work toward your main goal.

3.- Think “big picture”

Maybe you’ve spent the winter training hard and want to race this year, but you aren’t focused on PBs this spring. This is a great time to spend a season prioritizing fun and adventure. Choose a couple of races that will challenge you in new ways or take you to new places. This is a great way to break from the mental demands of time-specific running goals and simply enjoy all your local race scene has to offer.

Portuguese kids 11 and under are not allowed to run a mile race in their own country and Bob Anderson feels this rule should be updated

"It is not fair that kids under the age 12 can not race a mile in Portugal nor kids under 18 can not race a 10k.  These out dated rules need to be updated,"  says Bob Anderson who is setting up a KATA running retreat in central Portugal opening in June.  In 2021 he opened his first KATA Running Retreat just 45 minutes outside of Nairobi Kenya.  Bob posted this on FB: 

As some of you might know, we are setting up our second KATA Running Retreat in Central Portugal.  We are in a small village called Monforte da Beira.  There are only 310 people in our village.  It is a very cool village with cobblestone streets, olive and cork trees nearby and miles of roads and trails for running, hiking and walking.  

We bought our Anderson Manor House Feb 1 of 2024.  It is an amazing three story place of 15,000 square feet with another 12,000 feet of out buildings and caves plus two acres of land with olive, fig, orange trees and a big area of land for our garden and farm animals.  We want to be as sustainable as possible like we are in Kenya and produce at least 50% of our food.  

This is going to be our base in Europe for us personally and the location of our second KATA Running Retreat.  We are welcoming our first guests in June. 

KATA (Kenyan Athletic Training Avademy) Running Retreat Kenya officially opened in Sept 2021. We currently have 22 Kenyan athletes living, eating and training with us.  We have eight rooms for guests and already we have had bookings from England, France, Poland, New Zealand and the US.  

Our training program is Train The Kenyan Way. We currently have five accredited AK coaches on staff.  Already our top KATA runners are running world class times.  Peter, one of our top runners just recently clocked 27:54 for a 10k race in the US. We also stage kids races at KATA.  Kids of all ages.  (Third photo)

Anyway, things are going well for us and we look forward to develope our second location in Portugal.

One thing we do monthly is a time trial plus we regularly stage races.  Our Double Road Race Federation company founded in 2010 is the owner of these projects.  We stage three races in Northern California annually attracting nearly 1500 runners as well. 

One of the events we have been doing since 2010 is the Bob Anderson Kids mile.  It is an event for kids 13 and under. In Palo Alto, California last December we had over 70 kids run our mile, some as young as 2.  We let their parents decide if their child is capable of running (or walking) a mile.  

Each of our kids get  a medal, a t-shirt and a chance to win a raffle prize.  We also give out a special medal for each winner for their age.  2-3-4-5 and so on.  The kids love our event and we have had over one thousand kids participate over the years.  There has never been a problem.  

Let’s get back to the point of this post.  To celebrate the opening of our new retreat in Portugal I asked the Mayor of our village if we could stage a race in conjunction with their summer festival in June.  It would be Monforte da Beira first running race ever. The mayor thought it was a good idea and we started things rolling for our June 23rd event.  Besides the 10k we also would do a 3k hike/walk and our Bob Anderson kids mile (for kids 13 and under).  

So I hired a race director Nuno.  He said he could handle everything.  I did not know at the time that he had never put on a race before.  He said he was very connected to the running scene since he had been running for like 15 or more years.  

Things were moving along fairly well until April 5.    After paying him for a month he informed me that only kids 12-13 could run our mile race and no one under 18 could run our 10k race.  

I told him this was backward. Maybe it was too strong of a word but it reminded me of the time in the US where women were not allowed to run over a half mile and certainly not a marathon. 

I mention that in the US we have thousands of kids under the age of 12 running one mile races and beyond. Plus even more kids under 18 running 10k and beyond.

I found this story from September 2023, 

“Olivia Hawes of Blacksburg (USA) holds world records for running and when she crossed the finish line last week for a 6.15K in Virginia Beach, she topped 200 total miles in her young career. She has run more than 20 5Ks in nine different states and has a goal to run one in all 50 states. The unbelievable fact is that Hawes is only two years old. 

She has the fastest mile and most 5ks for a 1-and 2-years old along with being the youngest and second youngest competitor in the VA Commonwealth Games’ 33-year history.” (First photo)

Now this is an extreme example.  Two is young but there is even more examples of kids not only completing a mile or more race but loving every minute.  My grand kids ran races at age 4 and loved doing so.  I started running races at age 15 way back when and at 76 I still love running 

According to Nuno this is the rules of the Portugal Athletics Federation.  And since he “loves his country” he has to follow the rules.  Sorry but these rules are just not fair for kids under 18 in my opinion, 

So I told Nuno that I can’t endorse these rules.  The Bob Anderson kids mile should be for all kids 13 and under.  Nuno then said we have to follow the rules of Portugal.  

I didn’t agree and even suggested not even doing a kids race as a compromise.  But he did not want to listen to anything I was saying. So he resigned not giving any notice.  Right now I have taken over the duties of race director of our June 23 event.  I simply could not endorse this rule.  We are new to portugal but certainly not new to running.  

Western States unveils new anti-doping policy

The legendary 100-mile race has partnered with the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency as part of an "ongoing commitment to clean sport".

On Tuesday, Western States Endurance Run (WSER) revealed a new partnership with the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA), unrolling new regulations around anti-doping and reaffirming the race’s “continuing commitment to clean sport,” as their website explains. Here’s what you need to know.

While WSER has for years had drug testing in place, the previous policies were not as stringent (and were not governed by USADA). For some runners eager to toe the line in Auburn, Calif., on June 29, the rules and expectations around testing are now more clearly laid out; others have more questions and are requesting further clarification.

Entry rules

WSER’s entry rules explain that athletes found guilty of doping offenses by governing bodies like WADA or USADA are barred from participating in WSER during their period of ineligibility. Additionally, any athlete subjected to a ban of three months or more is ineligible unless otherwise approved by WSER. Previously, athletes who had any infractions against the WADA code were banned for life from participating in WSER—but, as ultrarunning world champ Camille Herron explains on X, the new policy allows for “more leniency of entry for those who were given a warning/1-2 month ban.”

Levelling the playing field

WSER will be taking testing seriously and targeting elite athletes and top age-group competitors for post-race urine and/or blood testing. Sample collection and analysis will be handled by USADA, ensuring a thorough and transparent process. USADA will also be responsible for results management, including communicating with athletes regarding test results, investigating violations and imposing sanctions as necessary. WSER also reserves the right to impose its own sanctions.

Prohibited substances

WSER strictly adheres to the WADA (World Anti Doping Agency) Code, prohibiting the use of substances on the WADA Prohibited List. Athletes are responsible for knowing and complying with these rules. The WSER website provides resources to help athletes check their medications and suggests that runners be extremely cautious when using supplements.

Athlete response

The updated drug policies have garnered some positive responses on social media, while some athletes, such as Canadian pro mountaineer and ultrarunner Adam Campbell, are asking for further explanation.

WSER has a partnership with trail running giant UTMB, and while NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including aspirin and ibuprofen) are, notably, banned at all UTMB races, runners at WSER would not be tested for them under these new guidelines.

“The issue is the terms are not clearly defined,” Campbell posted on X. “Strong stances usually demand greater clarity. If UTMB sanctioned someone for a doping violation how would WSER handle it? Their possible violations do not necessarily sync with WADA—seems like a reasonable question to clarify.” At the time of publication, the race had not yet responded.

The 2024 edition of WSER will take place on June 29-30.

Four tips for transitioning from winter to spring running

Runners across Canada are embracing the arrival of spring. Milder temperatures, longer day and more sunshine are just a few of the things we look forward to as runners in the northern hemisphere. Here are some tips to help you transition from winter so that you don’t miss a stride in your spring training.

1.- Layer up

Most Canadian runners can put away the heavy-duty thermals now that April is here. But dressing for runs in spring can come with its own challenges. Light layers can help you stay warm when you first head out and prevent you from overheating as the temperatures rise with the morning (or vice versa). Here are some great running pieces we’re loving this spring.

2.- Choose the right shoe

While most of us spend our winter runs finding ways to not slip on the ice, spring can mean mud, wet ground and soft terrain. All of these changes can affect the way we run, so it’s important to find shoes that can transition between seasons . Our March favourites feature some great versatile options (think road-to-trail, which can be useful on the mud).

3.- Stay safe on the roads

We’ve got longer days to look forward to, but spring mornings can be dark, damp and overcast. Think about your visibility on the road and bad weather and head out with reflective gear, and even lights, to help you stay visible on early morning and evening runs.

4.- Challenge yourself

You’ve made it through another winter. Why not test your fitness with a spring goal? Many provinces’ 2024 race seasons are kicking off this month. Signing up for a race or challenge is a great way to realize the work you put in this winter and give yourself something to look forward to. If racing isn’t for you, spring is also a great time to check out running clubs welcoming new members. If you’re generally a solo runner, adding some social runs into your week can be an uplifting change.

Why Jasmin Paris is about to become a household name

British ultrarunner Jasmin Paris made history on Thursday when she became the first woman runner to finish the Barkley Marathons, charging to the finish with only 99 seconds to spare before the 60-hour cutoff. But this is not the first time Paris, who runs free of sponsorships and is an environmental advocate, has achieved something remarkable in the trail running world. Here’s what we know about the 40-year-old ultra-trail champion.

Paris is a veterinarian and research scientist from Midlothian, Scotland. In 2019, she jumped to world attention on the ultra scene when she smashed the overall (men’s) course record–by 12 hours–at Britain’s 268-mile Montane Spine Race, finishing in 83 hours, 12 minutes, 23 seconds–while also pumping breastmilk for her infant daughter.

“When it was really difficult I made myself think about my daughter and imagined the different things she does—that kind of kept me distracted and entertained,” she told British Vogue after her Spine Race success.“Some of the time you don’t really think about anything. It’s mindful, you’re just putting one foot in front of the other.”

The Barkley Marathons is five loops of a 20+ mile course in Frozen Head State Park, near Wartburg, Tenn. (distances vary; the race is thought to be well over 100 miles) featuring thousands of metres of elevation gain, with a time limit of 60 hours. It was first run in 1986, and was inspired by the prison escape of James Earl Ray, who was serving time at Brushy Mountain penitentiary for the murder of Martin Luther King, Jr. (He was captured soon after.) Gary Cantrell (a.k.a. Lazarus Lake, or “Laz” to his friends) dreamed up a 100-miler in the vicinity of the prison, which is now abandoned and is a feature of the course. GPS watches are not allowed; each runner is issued a cheap watch set to “Barkley time,” i.e., the 60-hour limit. Runners must collect pages corresponding to their bib number from 13 books hidden on the course (they receive a new bib for each loop); missing pages mean disqualification. There is water available on the course, but no aid stations. Runners may only receive aid from their crew between loops, in camp, where they are on the clock.

Paris was always passionate about the outdoors, but only took up running in university. She began winning local and national fell-running and ultrarunning events, including the Scottish Hill Running Championships, British Fell Running Championships and then the 2016 Extreme Skyrunner World Series. Paris ran a hill race 10 days before giving birth to her daughter.

While Paris says it has been challenging to juggle training as a parent to a young child, she adds that it’s important to maintain a balanced life.”It doesn’t make you a worse parent if you have something else that is just yours; in fact I think that it’s probably inspirational to your child, she told British Vogue.”I hope my daughter will be inspired when she grows up to believe that she can do anything.”

Barkley creator Laz Lake asked Paris to run the race after her victory at the Spine Race—he thought Paris might be the only woman who could possibly finish. In 2o22, she completed three loops (which is dubbed a “fun run”); in 2023, she was eliminated after four loops, falling short of the 48-hour cutoff time to begin the fifth loop. Paris was only the second woman ever to attempt a fourth loop; the first was Sue Johnston of Vermont, in 2001.

Fellow British runner and two-time Barkley Marathons competitor, Damian Hall, made it to loop five for the second year in a row, but was unable to complete the race. He commented on Paris’s remarkable finish to his sponsor, Inov8: “It was still an amazing experience, and incredible to see Jasmin finish and make history. That wiped away most of my personal disappointment. It was the greatest sporting achievement I’ve seen in the flesh.”

“The final minutes were so intense, after all that effort it came down to a sprint uphill, with every fiber of my body screaming at me to stop,” Paris told The New York Times post-race.“I didn’t even know if I’d made it when I touched the gate. I just gave it everything to get there and then collapsed, gasping for air.”

Renowned photographer Howie Stern is a regular at the Barkley Marathons, and captured Jasmin throughout the race.”Thank you Jasmin for putting your heart and soul into the dark world that takes place in a little park in Tennessee, which has captivated and inspired women and men the world over,” he said on Instagram.

Running 300,000 Vertical Feet In a Year: Noble Goal or a Fool’s Errand?

Arbitrary goals are nonsensical. They also can be the source of great joy.In the pursuit of any goal, we all face a moment of questioning ourselves, sometimes out loud.The first week of last December, I had that moment, a question as I power-hiked up an icy trail, listening to my own labored breath:The answer, of course, was: No, it was not necessary. I had a cold, or enough remnants of a cold that I should have been at home resting instead of semi-vigorously exercising outside.

But I had a goal. Or, rather, I had committed to a goal, with a deadline: 300,000 feet of uphill human-powered movement, in the year 2023. Before I started hiking uphill that day, I had logged 289,476 feet of climbing via running, hiking, ski touring, and cycling. I had 10,524 feet left to climb, and 24 more days to do it. And I wanted to get done early so I could stop worrying about it. So I kept tromping uphill.

Even though I’d have a hard time convincing anyone it was “necessary,” in the sense of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.Every year, human beings such as myself and yourself take part in an ancient ritual going back at least dozens of years: We decide how we are going to become a different person than we were the year before.

Sometimes we become completely different people, finally going to therapy, or deleting all of our social media accounts, or deciding to adopt the extensive and possibly unsustainable morning routine of a person who is an influencer on LinkedIn. Sometimes we just become a slightly different person, by committing to being on time, drinking more water, or meditating for one minute every day.

This probably sounds familiar. You may know it as a “new year’s resolution,” which is a common manifestation of this sort of idea, and also helpful in selling gym memberships. New year’s resolutions work for some people, but I have never had much success with them. Usually I think more along the lines of “what can I do that would make this year interesting/different from previous years?” Which I think is a good place to start, as opposed to “What’s wrong with me that I can attempt to fix or improve this year?” (If you’re asking yourself that same question, let me just say that you’re probably doing great, and at least a few people probably love you just the way you are. But yeah, we could all drink more water and eat more vegetables.)A few years back, a friend of mine mentioned he was going to try to log half a million vertical feet biking and hiking, and I don’t remember if he ended up getting it done, but I think he was probably inspired by a guy named Greg Hill who climbed and skied two million vertical feet in a year in 2010, and Greg Hill was probably inspired by himself, Greg Hill, skiing one million vertical feet in a year in 2005. I’m no Greg Hill. But what about 200,000 feet of ascent in a year? Certainly more doable by a middle-aged dad with a day job? That’s a little under 4,000 feet per week.

So I decided on that. I did a few backcountry ski laps at our local hill, just under 2,000 feet per lap, and hiked/ran up steep trails a couple times a week, trying to log a few hundred feet here or there. If Jay was awake and we had time between naps, I’d put him in the baby carrier backpack and chug up a trail for a few minutes or an hour, the dad version of a weighted training vest. I signed up for a steep 50K trail race, the Tiger Claw, which would get me almost 9,000 feet of climbing in one day, a big chunk.

Then in mid-May, my young friend Torrey, who has not been to my house recently to see my daily life trying to be a present and helpful dad, husband, self-employed artist and writer, said, “200,000 feet? I think you could do 300,000 easy.”

I thanked him for the encouragement by replying, “Fuck you,” and then we argued for a few minutes about who would buy dinner.

And then of course I started doing the math, which really amounted to a big question, How do I want to live my life this year, which is really a series of smaller questions:We’re lucky, as human beings, to have the time and resources to come up with ideas we refer to as “dreams,” and then spend time and resources pursuing those.

Some people put a lot of time and resources into one dream, like thru-hiking the Pacific Crest Trail, or climbing a big mountain halfway across the world, or completing an Ironman triathlon.Since I am a coward, I often tend to shy away from big goals with a high chance of failure, and instead choose to pursue goals with longer timelines, in order to have some flexibility. A bad week of weather can derail a big mountain summit attempt, and an injury can derail a plan to qualify for the Boston Marathon (I guess so could gastrointestinal distress on race day), but an annual goal of a bunch of vertical feet can withstand some bad weather or minor injuries during the year. Or, in my case, catching every communicable disease Jay brought home from daycare in his first six months of attendance, which included something like six colds, and norovirus or something similarly explosive and miserable.

Even with a week off here and there, I kept chugging along. I started a Strava club called 100 Grand, because I thought other people might think it was fun to try to log 100,000 feet of climbing, or 200,000 feet, or 500,000 feet, or whatever, depending on where they lived and how much time they had to devote to it. I know not everyone lives in a mountainous area, or even a hilly place, but I also knew about this group of people in Iowa and Illinois who race to see who can log 25,000 feet of vert the fastest (and in the smallest amount of horizontal distance) every December. I mean, look at this spreadsheet:Almost 2,000 people signed up for the 100 Grand Strava club, despite it launching in the middle of the year, and I’m not sure how much it motivated people, but I’m going to do it again in 2024. As soon as I finish mailing out stickers to everyone who clocked 100K or more in 2023.

As I rolled over 200,000 feet in September, and then 250,000 feet (in early October), I started to reflect on how the 300,000-foot number had changed my year of running. I have never been one to pay attention to my per-mile pace, but it went completely out the window this year, since a typical run for me looked like this:Mt. Sentinel is essentially a straight line two miles from my house and roughly 2000 vertical feet higher than my front door*, so I defaulted to it often this year. I stood on the summit 47 times, often enough that it started to feel quite ridiculous, but also a sort of home. Which is probably how my dad feels about certain holes on his home golf course, or how my brother feels about his favorite fishing spots.Every time I got home from a run, I’d check my yearly total on Strava as it ticked upward—except on the rare days I did a flat run, when I was short on time or had to run Jay to or from day care in the jogging stroller.

Eventually, I had a little less than 2,000 feet to go. Unless something crazy happened, I’d just need to get to the summit of Mt. Sentinel one more time and I could stop obsessing about it. My friend Forest had offered to go with me, but also said he understood if I wanted to go up alone. I decided to keep this one to myself, microspikes on my shoes for the icy sections, trekking poles as insurance to keep myself upright.

The last climb up the steep trail on the south ridge seemed like it was taking forever, and I watched several paragliders take off from near the top, a surprise sunny December day. I jogged through the snowy forest between the south and north summits, and then started the steep hike up the final 100 feet to the top. A figure in an orange jacket was starting down from the summit, headed my way.

The person stopped on the trail when they saw me, and without being able to see quite that far, I knew it was Forest. He started clapping, and then went back to the summit with me. He asked if I wanted to have the top to myself, to process it a little bit, and I said Nah, it’s just the last few feet of my dumb goal for the year. Which was true.

The closer I got to finishing, the more ridiculous it felt, and as much as I’d like to have had some epiphany about life, I know sometimes you just need a new motivation to get out the door and experience something, even if you end up on the same mountaintop *checks notes* 47 times. But as ridiculous as it was, I still followed through with it, which has some sort of meaning, maybe.

You don’t need to go far these days to find inspirational quotes about pursuing your goals, and I think everyone is looking for something different. The older I get, the more I think about a line from the late, great, philosopher and restaurateur Kenny Shopsin, in the 2004 documentary I Like Killing Flies:

How Little Strength Training Can You Get Away With?

To be a maximalist, you must first be a minimalist. That's an aphorism I first heard from Michael Joyner, the Mayo Clinic physiologist and human performance expert, and it resonates. To truly reach your potential in one or a few areas, you have to be disciplined about all the other ways in which you could fritter away your valuable time and energy. Excellence requires tough choices.

All this is to say that when it comes to strength training, I'm not ashamed to admit that my number one question is, "How little can I get away with?" I'm convinced that strength training has important benefits for health and performance, and I recognize that lifting heavy things can be a source of meaning and self-mastery. But I've got miles to run before I sleep and, metaphorically, a bunch of errands to run before my kids get home, so a recent review in Sports Medicine caught my eye. An international group of researchers, led by David Behm of Memorial University of Newfoundland and Andreas Konrad of Graz University in Austria, sum up the existing research on minimalist resistance training: how low can you go and still get meaningful gains in strength and fitness?

For starters, let's acknowledge that making meaningful gains is not the same as optimizing or maximizing your gains. There's a general pattern in the dose-response functions of various types of exercise: doing a little bit gives you the biggest bang for your buck, but adding more training leads to steadily diminishing returns (and eventually, for reasons that aren't as obvious as you might think, a plateau). Those diminishing returns are worth chasing if you're trying to maximize your performance. But if your goal is health, more is not necessarily better, as we'll see below.

In a perfect world, you'd like to see a systematic meta-analysis of all the literature on minimalist strength training, meaning that you'd pool the results of all the different studies into one big dataset and extract the magic training formula. Unfortunately, the resistance training literature is all over the map: different types of strength training, study subjects with different characteristics and levels of experience, different ways of measuring the outcome. That makes it impossible to meaningfully combine them in one dataset. Instead, Behm and Kramer settled for a narrative review, which basically means reading everything you can find and trying to sum it up.

Their key conclusion is that "resistance training-hesitant individuals" can get significant gains from one workout a week consisting of just one set of 6 to 15 reps, with a weight somewhere between 30 and 80 percent of one-rep max, preferably with multi-joint movements like squats, deadlifts, and bench press. That's strikingly similar to a minimalist program I wrote about a couple of years ago: that one involved a single weekly set of 4 to 6 reps, but the lifting motions were ultra-slow, which heightens the stimulus. You don't even necessarily have to lift to failure, though you probably need to get within a couple of reps of it.

The data that Behm and Kramer looked at came from studies that typically lasted 8 to 12 weeks. One of the unanswered questions is whether such a minimalist program would keep producing gains on a longer timeframe. You'd clearly need to continue increasing the weight you lift to ensure that you're still pushing your body to adapt. But do you reach a point where further progress requires you to increase the number of sets, or the number of workouts per week? Maybe-but it's worth recalling that we're not trying to maximize gains here, we're just trying to achieve some hazily defined minimum stimulus. For those purposes, the evidence suggests running through a rigorous full-body workout once a week is enough to maintain a minimum level of muscular fitness.

There's another, less obvious angle to minimalist strength training that researchers continue to grapple with. Duck-Chul Lee of Iowa State and I-Min Lee of Harvard, both prominent epidemiologists, published a recent review in Current Cardiology Reports called "Optimum Dose of Resistance Exercise for Cardiovascular Health and Longevity: Is More Better?"

The question echoes a debate that flared up a decade or so ago about whether too much running is bad for you, in which Duck-Chul Lee played a key role. Back in 2018, he also published a study of 12,500 patients from the Cooper Clinic in Dallas which found that those who did resistance training were healthier-but that the benefits maxed out at two workouts a week, and were reversed beyond about four workouts a week. At the time, I assumed the result was a fluke. But the new article collects a larger body of evidence to bolster the case. The newer data suggests that about an hour of strength training a week maximizes the benefits, and beyond two hours a week reverses them. Lee and Lee hypothesize that too much strength training might lead to stiffer arteries, or perhaps to chronic inflammation.

Now, when Duck-Chul Lee and others produced data suggesting that running more than 20 miles a week is bad for your health, I was brimming with skepticism and went over the data with a fine-tooth comb. I'm similarly cautious about these new results, and have trouble believing that there's anything unhealthy about doing three weekly strength workouts. But they do put the idea of minimalist strength training in a different light. Maybe you're not maximizing strength or muscle gains, but it's possible that you're optimizing long-term health-especially if the reason you only hit the gym once or twice a week is that you're too busy hitting the trails.

The Iditarod Is Embroiled in a Controversy Over Moose Guts

Officials with dogsledding’s biggest race say a star musher broke the rules. His infraction: improper removal of moose innards. 

What’s the weirdest rule in endurance sports? A few come to mind:

Regulations governing the New York City Marathon explicitly forbid runners from pooping on the pavement at the starting line. Article 7.01-G of the Ironman Triathlon rulebook prohibits nakedness in transition areas. And don’t get me started on the wackadoo bylaws enforced by pro cycling’s governing body, the Union Cycliste International, which govern the minutiae of oh so many aspects of bike racing, from the height of an athlete’s socks to the size and shape of his or her ugly helmet.

But in all my time covering professional outdoor competitions, I’ve never come across anything like Rule 34 in the regulations governing Alaska’s Iditarod, the Tour de France of dogsledding. The law, titled “Killing of Game Animals,” is below:

In the event that an edible big game animal, i.e., moose, caribou, buffalo, is killed in defense of life or property, the musher must gut the animal and report the incident to a race official at the next checkpoint. Following teams must help gut the animal when possible. No teams may pass until the animal has been gutted and the musher killing the animal has proceeded. Any other animal killed in defense of life or property must be reported to a race official, but need not be gutted. 

Yes, the Iditarod requires you to disembowel the big mammals that you kill along the way. Not only that—officials will scrutinize the efficacy of your job gutting the animal in question.

At the moment, there’s a brewing controversy about the Iditarod’s Rule 34—specifically, whether or not a star athlete gutted a moose the right way.

The race kicked off this past Sunday, March 3, and mushers embarked on the 1,000-mile trip from the town of Willow, near Anchorage, to Nome, near the arctic circle. On Monday, news circulated that five-time winner Dallas Seavey had a terrifying encounter with a moose shortly after leaving a checkpoint in the town of Skwentna. Attacks by moose and other large mammals are rare, but do occasionally happen in sled dog racing. In 2022, a musher named Bridgrett Watkins was trampled by a bull just days before her rookie start in the Iditarod. In 1985, Susan Butcher was attacked while leading the Iditarod—the animal killed two of her dogs as she attempted to fight it off with an axe.

According to a report by the Associated Press, Seavey said the moose attacked his team at about 1:30 A.M. on Monday morning. It became entangled in his harness and sled and injured a female dog named Faloo so badly that she eventually had to be transported back to Anchorage. Seavey pulled out a handgun and shot the moose dead. “It fell on my sled, it was sprawled on the trail,” Seavey told an Iditarod Insider television crew. “I gutted it the best I could, but it was ugly.”

That’s where things get interesting. On Wednesday, March 6, the Iditarod announced that its panel of judges had issued Seavey a two-hour time penalty—a massive time gap in a race that’s sometimes decided by an hour or two. The reason for the sanction? Seavey did a substandard job of removing the animal’s innards. The race clarified exactly what gutting entails. “By definition, gutting: taking out the intestines and other internal organs of (a fish or other animal) before cooking it,” the race said in a public statement.

According to the investigation, Seavey spent about ten minutes at the kill site before mushing his dogs 11 miles to the next checkpoint, where he informed officials about the moose kill and also dropped off his injured dog (according to a Facebook post, Faloo is OK!). A race communique said officials eventually retrieved the moose carcass, properly processed it, and will distribute the meat as food.

Seavey’s kennel published a diplomatic statement on Facebook after the ruling: “As members of Team Dallas we are thankful for the guidelines and officials who make this race possible. Each race is riddled with its own set of challenges and part of being a great musher is being able to navigate them.”

Back to this unorthodox rule. I think most normal people can understand the need to ban runners from pooping on the asphalt, and even to prohibit triathletes from displaying their uncovered nether regions during a race. But what’s the deal with cutting open a dead animal in sled dog racing? An Iditarod employee who answered the race’s general phone line reminded me that the Rule 34 simply reflects Alaska state law. I hunted around the state’s rules and regulations and came across Statue 16.30.010, titled Wanton Waste of Big Game Animals and Wild Fowl.

It is a class A misdemeanor for a person who kills a big game animal or a species of wild fowl to fail intentionally, knowingly, recklessly, or with criminal negligence to salvage for human consumption the edible meat of the animal or fowl. 

Turns out the weirdest rule in endurance sports is an extension of a pragmatic law. A full-grown moose can weigh up to 1,600 pounds, which can feed a lot of human beings. Improperly handling the intestines from one can spoil the meat. And the Iditarod employee I spoke to emphatically said that removing the entrails from an animal of that size takes much longer than ten minutes.

Whether or not the two-hour penalty keeps Seavey from attaining win number six is yet to be seen. The two-hour penalty will be added to Seavey’s mandatory 24-hour rest later in the race. On Wednesday, he passed the Idtarod’s official halfway point in Cripple, Alaska in first place, nursing a 47-minute lead on Nicolas Petit of Big Lake, Alaska. Seavey needs to gain an hour and 14 minutes between Cripple and Nome to win.

This Teen Ultrarunner Wants to Take on the World's Most Prestigious Races

Last November, 17-year-old Sebastian Salsbury received an email reminder. He had 13 days to decide about entering the race lottery for the 2024 Western States 100 Mile Endurance Run, regarded as one of the most prestigious trail events in the world. 

Rules stipulate that each lottery applicant must be at least 18 years old on race day. On January 20, Salsbury will finally meet the age requirement, five years after he technically ran a qualifying time to enter the lottery for the first time.

It's been a goal he's been progressing toward for years. In 2020, when Salsbury was 13, he completed the Black Canyon 100K in Arizona in 15 hours 49 minutes and 32 seconds, well within the 17-hour time limit necessary to qualify for the Western States lottery. 

"It's hard to put that experience into words," Salsbury says. "It was one of the most beautiful courses I've ever been on. That race made me feel like I was doing the right thing in my life." 

Starting Young

Salsbury, who grew up in Santa Barbara, California, was attracted to the trails at a young age. Throughout his childhood, his parents often brought him to nearby trails to hike. The hikes gradually transitioned into jogs, and Salsbury's relationship with the outdoors continued to grow. The mountains, he says, were a playground.

Though Salsbury played basketball, football, and soccer growing up, his love for running took over. He quit the other sports after junior high school to minimize risk for injury, he says, and to dedicate more time to running.

A few years after Salsbury's entry into racing-his first was a local 5K on the road when he was four-he ran the Santa Barbara Red Rock Trail Run. Despite being just nine, he kept up with his father for all 28 miles. The following year, for the Santa Barbara Nine Trails, Salsbury traversed 35 miles with nearly 12,000 feet of vertical gain from the Jesusita trailhead to Romero Canyon trailhead and back, again alongside his father, a road marathoner.

Next, Salsbury entered the Black Canyon 100K in Arizona. He recalled the point-to-point race as one of his most difficult running experiences to date. 

"I was basically crying," Salsbury remembers, adding that his hydration vest kept digging into his ribs. "I loved the feeling of working hard and going through really low moments and overcoming them. I crave it."

Supported for the last 20 miles by his coach at the time, Tyler Hansen, Salsbury crossed the finish feeling both defeated and uplifted. The Black Canyon race gave him the confidence to continue challenging himself in ultrarunning.

"My best friends don't understand," Salsbury says about the pursuit of ultras, which he envisions including some of the most technically demanding and prestigious races in the world: the Western States 100 in California, Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc through the French Alps, as well as the Hardrock Hundred Mile Endurance Run in Colorado. Salsbury admits that running disrupts his social life, and also that he doesn't mind the solitude the sport necessitates. In fact, he welcomes it.

"I like the feeling of being alone in the mountains," Salsbury says. "It's a great way to free your mind."

Given that he is still a teen-the average age of trail runners is in the mid-30s-Salsbury has not been immune to negative comments over the years. "It's not cool at all to hate, but I can still see where someone would be coming from, seeing a kid doing all that stuff," Salsbury says. "There are going to be people that troll and hate for no reason. That's just life."

A Purposeful Progression

The training required to undertake ultras is out of this world for a typical high school runner. To ensure he's programming himself with sufficient miles without overloading his still-developing body, Salsbury sought the guidance of his longtime role model, pro trail runner Hayden Hawks. The two met when Salsbury was 14, and their camaraderie clicked naturally.

"I had lots of mentors help me at a young age in my running journey, and I felt the responsibility to do the same with Sebastian," says Hawks, 32. "We have taken a patient and gradual approach, developing strength, speed, and a foundation that will help him build into the longer distance races at an older age."

Hawks has coached Salsbury for the past two years, carefully mapping out a plan that tallies 50 miles weekly spread across six days. Salisbury complements the mileage with a combination of hiking, mountain biking, and intervals on an indoor bike as part of his cross training. Three days a week, he does strength exercises at Varient Training Lab in Santa Barbara. To fit it all in so he could have ample opportunity to train and compete, prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, Salsbury enrolled in West River Academy, an online private school program.

"I have zero regrets," Salsbury says. "The opportunity that it's given me to travel with my family and run and be able to guide my days how I want and learn at my own pace, I'm grateful for that."

The online program lasts up to three hours a day, which is "a lot less than standard high school," Salsbury chuckles. In 2022, he researched computer engineering and built a computer from scratch. This year, as part of the online curriculum, he's learning to speak German in addition to researching for a project about coffee and sustainability, which he is especially interested in as a part-time certified barista. Salisbury works at a local coffee shop twice a week. 

So far, he's enjoying the unique balance of online learning and ultrarunning. "I like to keep myself busy," he says. "I've always had this next-level energy. Obviously it goes into running, but it's who I am as a person." 

His days are hardly routine compared to the average high schooler. On a recent Thursday, Salsbury started the day with a three-minute cold plunge before he spent the remainder of the morning packing running shoes, thermal layers, his COROS watch, and a heart rate monitor ahead of a four-day trip to Boulder, Colorado, to train with a friend at altitude.

Living at sea level in Santa Barbara, Salsbury doesn't often have the opportunity to run at altitude beyond twice a year, mostly "just a vacation with my family where I get to do some running," he says.

As much as he has run over the years, Salsbury says he's been fortunate to never have had any serious injuries. This year, a growth spurt of eight inches led to severe shin splints, and Salsbury, who is now 6-foot-4 and 162 pounds, took four months off from running.

Now, life is back to business as usual. Salsbury is planning ahead. His next race is the La Cuesta Ranch 25K in San Luis Obispo, California, in late January. After he graduates from high school in June 2024, he wants to pursue a running career ideally full-time, though he hasn't stated when he aims to turn professional. 

"I've always had the intention to be one of the greatest ultrarunners in the world one day. That will continue to be my goal," Salsbury says. "I want to leave a positive impact on the sport and be an inspiration to other athletes of any age, but obviously the youth because that's how I grew up. People can judge and say whatever they want, but I do want to be the best of all time."

HOW TO START A RUN WHEN YOU DON’T FEEL LIKE IT

I’VE ALWAYS FELT validation when reading a story about writers and their love of procrastination. I thought it was just me who gets more work done around the house with a deadline looming and who finds every excuse not to write until the time feels exactly right—or the time has run out. 

Well, a while ago I realized how I do this with running, too, especially long runs on the weekends. I stare at my closet trying to determine the perfect outfit for the weather. I go back and forth on what to eat and how much coffee to drink. Should I have half a cup? Down a full one (or two) then wait until after I go to the bathroom to head out? I stop for a quick foam-rolling session or grab my massage gun for a bit, then do some dynamic stretches. Before I know it, I’m starting my run an hour later than planned. 

Some prerun rituals are necessary, of course. A warmup helps me feel ready for those initial steps. If I have double-digit miles on deck, I definitely need to eat and drink before I start my stride. But really, I’m just putting off those initial few miles—those steps where the legs feel tight and the upper body cranky, the mind remains in bed, and instead of finding a rhythm, the steps feel like short, broken verses waiting for me to string them together in better harmony. I tend to overthink my runs, especially the start, rather than focusing on how the sport makes me feel powerful and strong, and like I’m gliding over the trail rather than clomping with every footfall. That rumination makes getting out the door super difficult sometimes. 

I know I’m not the only one who has trouble simply getting started. Ahead of the Chicago Marathon this fall, Emily Sisson, pro runner and U.S. women’s marathon record holder, said one of her favorite mantras is “motivation follows action.” She’s not always inspired to go run 20 miles or clock a tempo run at a 5-minute pace. But once she starts moving—after a few warmup exercises with her mini band or a light and breezy running warmup—the drive to put in the work picks up.

Similarly, Tristen Rodriguez, a RW+ member who trained with Runner’s World for the 2023 NYC Marathon, mentioned how he is only motivated to run about 20 to 30 percent of the time during a training cycle. It’s the discipline that gets him out there. Checking off training runs and workouts on a plan can give you a shove to get out the door instead of relying on the sheer desire to do so. 

Like Rodriguez, I’ve found that setting goals, following a schedule, and tackling workouts on a plan helps remove the need to rely on willpower alone, and adds in the determination to succeed. That’s one reason I sign up for races on a consistent basis throughout the year. And like Sisson, I know once I start moving, I’ll want to pick it up and conquer the run ahead because the resolve to perform well settles into my stride. 

Focusing on how good it feels to finish a run—no matter the pace or distance—also gets me out the door. So does removing any barriers to said door. That’s why, despite being more of a night owl, I’ve come to love early morning easy runs: I can basically roll out of bed, slip into the outfit I laid out the night before, and hit the road. No fretting about prerun activities. I just go, without thinking about it. 

Even with all my love and deep appreciation for running, I still have to tell myself a little story about the run ahead, about how wonderful it will feel just to get myself moving (even if that’s not entirely the truth, at least not all the time). These helpful mind games give me a little kick in the glutes to start running. And sometimes, when I find I’m still procrastinating, I just thank my deadline-driven mindset, which turns on when time is running out and I need to stop thinking and just start stepping. 

Rise of the “Illegal” Running Shoes

Super trainers are fast, fun, and maybe a little risky. Here’s what to know about these max-cushioned shoes. 

Banned shoes emerged courtside long before they found their way onto a marathon course. Legend has it that nearly 40 years ago, Michael Jordan laced up a pair of red-and-black high-tops in violation of the NBA’s approved uniform colors. 

In 2010, the league cracked down again—this time, for reasons besides aesthetics—on a pair of basketball shoes that were shown to increase a player’s vertical-jump height. Today, Nike’s Air Jordan brand is a household name and multibillion-dollar business, and shoemaker Athletic Propulsion Labs (APL) has since released additional banned styles (Superfuture and Concept X) of its performance-boosting kicks.

Though some speculate these bans were mostly crafty marketing, the same can’t be said about the wave of “illegal” shoes that is flooding the roadways on the feet of runners. Super shoes have proven a true performance boon to both elites and recreational runners on race day. Now the tech has trickled down to shoes for daily runs, ushering in super-thick, though still permissible, shoes that have created their own category: super trainers.

What Is a Super Trainer?

Technically, a formal definition doesn’t exist. But we’ll establish some general parameters.

Super trainers share many of the same qualities as super shoes built for race day: a tall stack height, efficient midsole geometry, high-powered super foam, and usually some sort of plate. But these trainers aren’t meant for racing, like a Nike Vaporfly or Saucony Endorphin Elite—they’re designed for everyday mileage.

Super shoes for racing have to balance cushioning and propulsion, but still be lightweight. Super trainers, though, can have beefier constructions that help to extend their life spans. For example, shoe brand On guarantees only four marathons from the Cloudboom Echo 3—that’s little more than 100 miles. Super trainers can handle more mileage, and should have the typical 300- to 500-mile range of a normal running shoe.

To do that, they may have more outsole rubber for durability. Their uppers are usually softer and thicker than a racing shoe’s, as well, with comfortably cushioned ankle collars and tongues. They tie up with sturdier laces and offer a more forgiving fit overall, closer to what you’d expect from a workhorse daily trainer. And, since super trainers aren’t made to toe a starting line, brands can pile on midsole foam in excess of the 40mm limit imposed by World Athletics.

But they’re more than just extremely cushioned running shoes. Super trainers have additional mechanisms and “super foams” geared toward running efficiency and energy return, explained below.

Anatomy of a Super Trainer

If we break down a super trainer into its key components, we see a recurring theme: a stack of super foam in the ballpark of 40mm (or more), a carefully sculpted midsole shape for propulsion, and a plate that harnesses those pieces and holds it all together. This is the tech that puts the “super” in super trainers; it needs to interact with the foot and the rest of the kinetic chain in specific ways to deliver the intended ride and energy return. 

Here’s what’s happening inside the midsole under your foot, and how these elements work to boost your stride. 

1. Rocker Geometry

When we talk about a rocker sole, we’re describing the curvature of the bottom of the shoe’s sole. Both the heel and the toe curve upward, away from the ground, to give the shoe a more rounded base. The result is a shape like that you’ll find on a rocking chair. This is needed because the shoes are so thick, they don’t bend under the forefoot for a smooth transition during your gait cycle. 

Shoe developers can also manipulate the inflection points of the rockers around a runner’s pace and foot strike to potentially manipulate transition time. Usually, you’ll find the most aggressive rocker designs in racing shoes. Still, pronounced rocker soles on super trainers are essential to make transitions comfortable. 

→ How do rocker soles work?

Rocker soles in shoes function to mimic the natural rockers of the foot to make us feel more efficient. The foot has three functional rockers—the heel (first), ankle (second), and forefoot (third)—that we use while walking and running. The heel bevel in a shoe prepares the foot to contact the ground and smooths out the shoe’s ride when you land. Forefoot rockers assist movement during toe-off, which generally means the toes and ankle joint don’t have to work as hard. 

For some runners, a stiff rocker sole can decrease demand on the calves by transitioning effort upward to the knee and hips. A runner’s experience will depend on their specific biomechanics, where the rocker is placed, and how their footstrike contacts it.

2. Super Foam

Polyether Block Amide, or PEBA, is a common foam compound for super trainer midsoles. (A popular trade name for the material is Pebax, made by a company called Arkema.) It’s the basis for foams like Nike ZoomX, Saucony Pwrrun PB, Puma Nitrofoam, and Asics FF Blast Turbo. Many of those brands leverage the same foam used in their top-tier racing shoes for their super trainer models.

Right now, PEBA-based foams lead the way for energy return. While current research and our own testing indicates that supercritical EVA and TPU blends are also impressive, PEBA has the edge more often than not. Why? It’s lighter than TPU and far softer and bouncier than supercritical EVA. Some iterations are firmer than others, depending on which brand’s flavor you try.

→ How does foam work?

Cushioning serves to absorb shock upon landing and provide overall comfort while running, but it can also return energy to the runner and stabilize the shoe. PEBA foams are especially lightweight, so brands can pile it on—both in thickness and in width—without the same weight penalty applied when using EVA or TPU materials. The additional width is just as important as the height. These shoes often need a wide platform of midsole material to remain stable.

Every brand’s PEBA-based foam compresses at a different rate, with varying amounts of responsiveness, so each offers a unique benefit based on the runner. For example, runners who land with lots of force can bottom out and crush a foam that’s too squishy, so they may prefer a firmer platform. A harder midsole can offer more support without any additional stability elements. On the other hand, a softer foam can provide more comfort, and research suggests that it may have a protective benefit for lighter runners. 

Keep in mind that dozens of pieces within a shoe, as well as countless runner-specific characteristics, come together alongside a super foam to deliver its specific ride and response. It’s not always possible to parse each element individually.

3. Plates

Not every super trainer has a plate in its midsole, but it’s increasingly common. That’s because—regardless of whether it’s made from TPU, EVA, PEBA, carbon fiber, or a mix—a plate stiffens the midsole and can add support. It may also give the ride some extra pop, but it largely functions to stabilize the shoe. The Adidas Adizero Prime X 2 Strung, which has a heel stack height of 50mm, requires two stiff carbon-infused plates.

Some shoes need less support and utilize pliable materials with thinner rod constructions or forgo full-length plates for ones that extend only halfway along the midsole.

→ How do midsole plates work?

While plates can add propulsion, research suggests that the true hero is the foam itself. A plate mostly serves to “facilitate motion and add stiffness to the sole to balance out the softer compliant foams,” says Matt Klein, DPT and founder of the Doctors of Running website and podcast.

He explains that the effects of stiff-plated shoes are not clear-cut. “Everything we know [about super trainers] is applied from super shoe and maximal shoe research. These shoes shift work up to the knees and hips. The ankles may do less, but that doesn’t always apply. If the shoe is too stiff, the ankles will actually end up doing more work. But once a midsole gets so thick, it may not need a plate; the amount of material naturally stiffens the ride.”

What Are the Benefits of Super Trainers?

Simply put, these shoes are so much fun to run in. They can lend a bounce to your stride that feels like bounding on a trampoline. And since the springy sensation and high energy return can help you move more efficiently, running fast feels easier.

Plus, a review of 63 research studies concluded that these trainers can also help attenuate shock and dampen some of the hard impacts from training. So, runners recover from hard efforts more quickly; they’ll lace up the next day feeling fresher and less sore than if they’d worn regular running shoes. And for those eager to increase mileage, this may allow some runners to increase their weekly workload with less fatigue and fewer aches and pains.

“These have the benefit of having similarities to super racing shoes. These shoe types certainly increase the capacity of work you can do, so I suspect those running higher miles will probably benefit most from these,” Klein speculates.

But, the recovery boost from super trainers can make it tempting to tack on too many miles too soon or overcook the pace on easy days. “Just because you are less sore does not mean you are at a lower risk for injury. You can still get injured with overdoing things,” Klein says.

Our wear-testers report that they’re able to run faster paces with less effort in super trainers, but it’s still important to keep easy jogs relaxed. Double-check your training log and pull back on the reins if you notice spikes in mileage or intensity outside your typical training volume. 

Are There Any Risks to Super Trainers?

Though they feel great, super trainers can have an impact on our natural gaits and biomechanics. “One of the injury risks for this shoe type is that it is so different from normal mechanics and footwear. The current evidence from super shoes and super-max stack-height shoes is that we tend to stiffen our legs in taller, softer shoes,” Klein says. “This is not bad short-term, but some evidence suggests long-term super-max stack-height shoes can actually increase joint loading due to that stiffening.”

“I suspect running in them a ton will cause less joint motion, as the body will stiffen up to find stability as shock absorption isn’t needed. This may be great for a recovery run/faster run, but trying to transition back to normal shoes can take time if you only run in these and super racing shoes.” Klein recommends making the transition slowly to avoid injury and keeping more than one pair of running shoes in your rotation. 

“I do suspect that with the workload being shifted up to the knee and especially the hip, there may be an increase in injuries in those areas. The hip still has to work harder being on a softer, less stable surface. So, those with hip instability and strength issues may want to avoid super shoes, at least until these issues have been addressed,” Klein says. New runners should focus on building strength and experience before experimenting with super trainers.

There is little doubt that these shoes have effects at the point where our feet meet the midsoles as well as farther along our kinetic chains. Super trainers shift more of the workload of running to the hamstrings, which means that you won’t engage the calves and lower leg muscles as much. Moving some of that effort to larger muscle groups can be beneficial for some runners, like those who are struggling with calf or Achilles tendon injuries. But those who have a nagging hamstring strain may need to be wary. Whether or not it’s your goal, those upper leg muscles will receive more of a workout.

At the very least, one thing can be said for sure. It’s that all the foam underfoot is going to put a lot of distance between your foot and the ground. This limits the amount of ground feel you receive from the shoe. It can be easier to wipe out if you’re hopping a curb on a night run. And on rain-slicked sidewalks or technical trails, it can be tough to steer a thick and bulky midsole. If you’re prone to ankle rolls or need a keen sense of where and how your foot is landing whenever you touch down, a super trainer might not serve you well.

Will I Really Get DQ’d in a Race?

It depends. If you’re an elite runner, absolutely. But if you’re going for a 3:10 BQ, it’s unlikely. Ethiopian runner Derara Hurisa won the 2021 Vienna Marathon in 2:09:22 but was disqualified when race organizers found he’d raced in the Adidas Adizero Prime X, a different shoe than he’d declared on his prerace form. Another runner at a fall 2023 half marathon was disqualified after winning in the same shoe. 

Our Favorite Super Trainers

Running shoes aren’t cheap. Maxed-out midsoles with top-end shoe tech only add to the bill. Most super trainers will cost you $180 at least, and there are options to be had for well over $200.

Jim Walmsley, Mathieu Blanchard will return to UTMB in 2024

2023 UTMB champion Jim Walmsley and 2022 second-place finisher Mathieu Blanchard have confirmed they will appear at this year’s Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc (UTMB) final, which takes place in Chamonix, France on Aug. 30, according to a report by iRunFar. A number of other ultratrail elites have also been announced, including the U.K.’s Tom Evans, who finished third in 2022 and who won Western States 100 in 2023, and Canada’s Christian Meier, the former pro cyclist who won the 145-km TDS race last year. 

On the women’s side, Canada’s Marianne Hogan (who finished second in 2022) is confirmed, as are 2022 champion Katie Schide of the U.S., France’s Claire Bannwarth and New Zealand’s Ruth Croft (who won Western States in 2022). (Three-time UTMB champion and course record holder Courtney Dauwalter does not appear on the list.)

Four-time champion Kilian Jornet and 2023 second-place finisher Zach Miller will also not be returning. After the October, 2023 announcement by UTMB and its minority partner, the Ironman Group, of a new race in Whistler, B.C. in 2024, and the Dec. 1 announcement that UTMB livestream announcer Corrine Malcolm had been fired, the two publicly questioned the organization’s decisions and its treatment of athletes. There was talk of a boycott, though Jornet and Miller dispute this; in the wake of all of this, regular discussions between UTMB and the Pro Trail Runners Association (PTRA), of which Jornet is a founding member, became more frequent, with a view to smoothing relations between athletes and the race. 

Walmsley moved to France for two years to hone his mountain-running skills before finally winning UTMB on his fifth try in 2023 (he Walmsley first ran UTMB in 2017, finishing fifth; he DNF’d in 2018 and again in 2021, then finished fourth in 2022). Blanchard, who has returned to France after living in Montreal for a few years (and taking out Canadian citizenship), finished fourth last year after following Jornet onto the podium in 2022. Hogan has been dealing with injuries for much of the last year and a half since her podium finish in 2022.

Joan Benoit Samuelson captures World Majors six-star medal at Tokyo Marathon

On Sunday morning, running icon Joan Benoit Samuelson claimed her sixth and final Abbott World Marathon Major star, clocking 3:42:18 at the Tokyo Marathon. The American distance running legend added another remarkable chapter to a storied career that includes wins at the 1979 and 1983 Boston Marathon and the 1985 Chicago Marathon.

The Abbott World Marathon Majors include the Tokyo Marathon, Boston Marathon, London Marathon, Berlin Marathon, Chicago Marathon and the New York City Marathon. In 2022, Benoit Samuelson checked her fifth major off her list, winning her age group at the London Marathon in 3:20:20; her daughter Abby ran as well, finishing just under three hours.

From Cape Elizabeth, Maine, Benoit Samuelson first gained international acclaim when she became the inaugural women’s Olympic marathon champion at the 1984 Summer Games in Los Angeles. Her groundbreaking victory set the stage for a career defined by trailblazing achievements. Benoit Samuelson held the fastest time for an American woman at the Chicago Marathon for 32 years after her 1985 victory, and her time at the Boston Marathon was the fastest time by an American woman at that race for 28 years Her personal best of 2:21:21 is still eighth on the U.S. all-time list.

Benoit Samuelson is the only woman in the world to have run sub-three-hour marathons in five consecutive decades, her first in 1979 and her most recent in 2010. At the 2019 Berlin Marathon, she ran 3:02, nearly becoming the first woman to clock a sub-three in six consecutive decades. In 2019, she ran the Boston Marathon to celebrate her then 40-year-old victory from 1979, wearing the same outfit she had worn four decades before—a backward ball cap and a Bowdoin College singlet (she won her age category, finishing in 3:04:00, only 28:45 minutes slower than her time in 1979).

Beyond her accomplishments on the road, Samuelson has been an advocate for women’s participation in sports and has played a pivotal role in advancing opportunities for women athletes. After the 2022 London Marathon, Benoit Samuelson told the media: “I’m blessed to have longevity in this sport. It doesn’t owe me anything, but I feel I owe my sport.”

Runners Are Racing More than Ever

Strava’s year-end report shows that more runners are turning to competition and how different generations compete differently

This month, Strava released its annual Year in Sport, with fascinating insights about where running might be headed. Running was the most-uploaded sport in 2023. (Hear that? That’s the sound of job security!) Most runners log their miles solo, 9 percent are in groups of three or more people, and an additional 9 percent are logged running in a pair.

Trail running, specifically, continues its trend upwards, with the share of athletes running off-road up 6 percent year over year. Almost half (47 percent!) of runners took at least one trail run. Friends, welcome to the club. We have jackets! (Haha, no we don’t.)

Many runners use competition as motivation and inspiration. Plus, athletes who race are 5.3 times more likely to set a distance PR. While men are currently more likely to compete than women, the rate at which men and women are participating is increasing at the same speed.

When life after the COVID lockdowns stabilized for many folks, the Strava Year in Sport review shows that they laced up their running shoes to compete. Twenty-one percent of runners on Strava ran at least one race in 2023, a 24 percent increase over 2022.

Racing was equally split across genders, with 21 percent of men and women competing at least once. Runners from Gen X (born between 1965 and 1980) were the most likely to race, with 26 percent logging at least one competition on Strava. Twenty-two percent of millennials (born between 1981 and 1996) raced, and 24 percent of boomers (born before 1965) pinned on a bib in 2023.

Ultramarathons, while still less popular than shorter distances, are steadily becoming more popular, too, according to statistics. While just 2 percent of runners on Strava completed an ultra in 2023, that’s still up 11 percent from 2022.

Out of all ultrarunners on the app, two-thirds completed at least one 50K, meaning plenty of runners double-dipped on super long-distance runs in 2023. Women were 43 percent less likely to have run an ultra of any distance (so, yeah, we might have a problem). Participation in ultras may be growing at the same rate among men and women, but there is still plenty of work to be done—for instance, addressing childcare disparities that leave women with three to four fewer hours per week to train—in order to reach equity. The longer the distance, the greater the gender gap tends to be, with half marathons having the smallest disparity—7 percent of women completing a half and 8 percent of men.

Longer races are less popular this year, sure, but participation is growing by about 10 to 15 percent. Less than 1 percent of runners on Strava completed an ultra over 50K, though this distance remains the most popular to run. Participation in 50 miles is roughly half that of 50Ks, and 100K participation is roughly half that. So, if you ran a 100K this year, pat yourself on the back, as you’re part of the 1 percent (.0025 percent, to be exact).

Marathons remain a popular distance for runners. Five percent of runners on Strava ran a 26.2-mile race in 2023, up 20 percent from last year. Again, women were 32 percent less likely to have run a marathon than men (4 percent of women on Strava ran a marathon versus. 5 percent of men), but both groups saw participation jump 20 percent compared to last year.

Gen Zers are not running as much as previous generations did at their age. Running, while less cost-prohibitive than, say, surfing, skiing, or mountain biking, still requires some financial investment. A 2020 survey by the Running Shoes Guru pinned the “average” run budget to between $937 and $1,132 annually. I guess those gels really do add up!

And when you consider that 60 percent of young adults don’t feel their basic needs are met, a decline in participation makes sense. According to Running USA, an independent group that produces industry surveys, the number of runners in the 35-44 and 45-54 age groups has dropped significantly since 2015, while participation in the 25-34 age group only increased slightly. According to the report, Gen Z runners prefer to run for experiential benefits like socializing, fun, and mental health.

Interestingly, data about Gen Z runners on the Strava Year in Sport says the opposite, reporting that this generation is 31 percent less likely to exercise primarily for their health compared to millennial and Gen X counterparts. The difference could be that runners committed enough to sign up for an activity tracking app are already a self-select group. Zoomers on Strava report that their primary motivation for exercise is athletic performance. This is echoed by the speed of their training runs, which average out to be a pace of 8:59 a mile. Zoinks!

Interestingly, data about Gen Z runners on the Strava Year in Sport says the opposite, reporting that this generation is 31 percent less likely to exercise primarily for their health compared to millennial and Gen X counterparts. The difference could be that runners committed enough to sign up for an activity tracking app are already a self-select group. Zoomers on Strava report that their primary motivation for exercise is athletic performance. This is echoed by the speed of their training runs, which average out to be a pace of 8:59 a mile. Zoinks!

Gen Z runners are also more run-dominant than other generations. Seventy percent of the generation’s Strava users uploaded runs onto the app versus 52 percent of Gen X, a 35 percent higher likelihood (this might as well be the likelihood to Google “What is a Zendaya?”) Gen Z runners saw the greatest percentage of growth in race participation this year, with a 60 percent jump in attendance at the marathon distance and a 68 percent increase at 13.1. (My mind would fully melt if I lined up against someone born in 2004, but also, welcome! Please be gentle.) According to Running USA, Gen Z runners gravitate towards races with a compelling theme or cause that resonates with their values.

Trends are different across training habits, too. Gen Z runners are twice as likely as boomers to have weekday activity after 4 P.M. and are 31 percent less likely to exercise before 10 A.M.. Fascinatingly, 39 percent of Gen Z Strava athletes started a new job, and a third of the cohort reported relocating in 2023, which could speak to flexibility or economic instability for younger runners.

Over the year, Gen Z runners logged 17 percent less mileage than Gen X athletes, explained primarily with a shorter average run length. Plus, Gen Z athletes have slightly fewer running weeks in a year. (Maybe if they weren’t so busy eating all that avocado toast, they could run more!) JK, as the kids on TikTok say. In truth, Gen Z runners might train less because they are shooting for shorter distances, or the other way around—it’s impossible to disentangle causation here.

It’s not only a fun pastime to browse the year-in-review data, poking fun at the generations before or after us like they’re siblings (“No, I run more!” “Well, I run faster!”), but it’s also a way to see where the industry is lacking.

The Strava Year in Sport data shows that the running industry will have to work to bring in more Gen Z athletes. This might mean that race directors and event organizers will have to continue tailoring their offerings to speak to a younger, more experience-driven demographic. Numbers also prove that, while the female section of the running pie has grown overall, more changes need to be made to reach gender equity. The statistics tell us a lot, but one of the biggest, if not the biggest, takeaways is that people are running more now than ever. And that? Well, that’s pretty rad.

Can caffeinated gum help run faster

Hoping to smash your 5K PB at your local parkrun event? A recent study published in the European Journal of Nutrition delves into the impact of caffeine gum on the performance of runners participating in parkrun. The results may help you speed to your goals.Parkrun is the world’s largest free weekly 5K event, originating in the U.K., and attracts participants of all abilities to parks, trails and open spaces every Saturday morning.Caffeine as a performance enhancer

Caffeine, known for its stimulating effects on the central nervous system, has long been recognized for its potential to enhance athletic performance. World Athletics even recommends it as a performance enhancer. In the past, most research on caffeine and performance was done on cyclists, with studies on sprinters and endurance runners only recently (with positive results).

In this context, the study focused on 36 recreational runners capable of completing a 5K run in under 25 minutes. The runners were part of a double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention, exploring whether chewing caffeine-infused gum could contribute to improved parkrun performance.Chewing toward a PB

The runners, randomly assigned to either caffeine or placebo gum groups, engaged in a five-minute gum-chewing session 30 minutes before each parkrun, to allow the caffeine to take effect. The results revealed a noteworthy improvement in 5K performance, with an average time reduction of 17.28 seconds among those chewing the caffeine gum.

This enhancement in performance was further reflected in a decrease in the runners’ RPE (rate of perceived exertion) by 1.21 units compared to the placebo group. This aligns with research on caffeine and endurance athletes, where scientists observed that caffeine may “inhibit perceptual response during exercise,” meaning participants had an increased ability to tolerate discomfort associated with fatigue while running.

While more research needs to be done to determine the maximum best effective doses for runners, it’s clear that adding a caffeinated boost to your parkrun race prep may help you as you chase that PB.

Try these tough race-prep workouts for unstoppable stamina on road and trail

While most of your training should be easy mileage, it’s important to have some speedwork and harder efforts in there if you want to perform your best on race day—and occasionally, an extremely challenging workout. Renowned coach and ultrarunner David Roche explains that, inserted once in a while, an epically tough session will pay off in a variety of ways. “Your brain and body can essentially have their light-bulb moments: ‘Oh! I see! I will not die the next time I push this hard? Good to know, you can carry on.’ ”

While these workouts are designed with trail runners in mind, they can be very effective for runners training for road and track races as well. “These workouts are designed to suck,” Roche jokes. “That way, future workouts and races will suck less.” Make sure that you are well-trained with a strong base before tackling these in order to prevent burnout and injuries, and do them after a few recovery days (and followed by a few recovery days as well).

Hill and tempo leg-crushing combo

Warm up with 15-30 minutes of easy running. If you’re prepping for shorter races, feel free to tweak the warmup, but make sure your muscles are warm and your legs are ready to work before kicking it into high gear.

Run 5 x 3-minute on hills at a hard effort, and run down the hill for recovery between reps.

After the final hill interval, run 15-30 minutes with a moderate effort to simulate tired, race-day legs.

Roche suggests aiming for an average grade of six to eight per cent on the hills—a moderate incline that will allow you to maintain form while pushing hard. “At the top, you can put your hands on your knees for a second before running down normally,” Roche says, and suggests giving an extra-hard push to the final two repeats. When you wrap up the final interval, run down the hill and ease into a relaxed tempo, pushing to a moderate effort.

Cool down with 10 minutes of easy running.

Roche suggests trying this one 10-17 days before your goal event.

Three-minute hill hell

Warm up with 15-30 minutes of easy running (adjust if you’re running a shorter race).

Run 8-10 x 3 minutes at roughly a 10K effort uphill, with one to two minutes of easy recovery between hills and three minutes of very easy recovery after your final rep.

Next, run 6 x 30 seconds of hard effort (Roche says aim to “feel and accept discomfort” in these) on semi-steep hills with 90 seconds of easy recovery between hills.

Cool down with 10 minutes of very easy running.

Roche says this workout can be used in almost any training cycle, even for road races, and suggests fitting it in once you have a strong mileage base to avoid injury.

Remember, Roche recommends several rest and recovery days before and after each super-tough workout that you do to prep your legs for race day.

Chase the Sun - Running in Sunglasses

Running is more than just a workout; it's an exhilarating adventure that lets you embrace the great outdoors, break a sweat, and feel the wind in your hair.

It’s not just about you and the pavement anymore - as any seasoned runner knows, the right accessories can make all the difference. This might be a new pair of running trainers, are some additional kit, anything from some bone-conducting headphones to a belt for your phone, keys, and a drink. You might have a Garmin running watch to track your times and fingerless gloves for those chilly mornings out on the road.

Among popular accessories, sunglasses emerge not just as a style statement but as a game-changer for your run. Picture this: you, pounding the pavement with a steady rhythm, the sun casting a warm glow on your path. Without sunglasses, you get momentarily blinded and stumble….

Now picture this – the same scene, but on your face is a sleek pair of shades adding that extra cool factor to your stride. Glare? No such thing as you power forward on your way to a personal best. Let's delve into why these are not just fashion whims but essential gear for every runner.

Why You Need Sunglasses for Running

Running under the open sky is invigorating, but it comes with its challenges. The sun can be a relentless adversary to your eyes, causing a multitude of problems. That's where sunglasses come in. Beyond being a trendy accessory, they are your shield against the sun's potent UV rays. Prolonged exposure to these rays can lead to eye strain, fatigue, and even long-term damage. Imagine squinting through your entire run, your eyes battling the glare –not exactly the calming jog you envisioned.

However, running involves constant movement, and that can mean sunglasses are uncomfortable. You have to balance that with the effects of the environment - anyone who's ever tried running against the breeze knows the struggle of keeping their eyes wide open. Sunglasses act as a barrier, keeping wind, dust, and other airborne nuisances at bay. Ever felt a speck of dust or a stray insect in your eye mid-stride? Sunglasses make sure your focus stays on the path ahead, not on clearing debris from your eyes.

Also, the importance of glare reduction cannot be understated. Whether you're running on a beach boardwalk, a city street, or a forest trail, reflective surfaces are everywhere. The sun bounces off cars, water, or even fellow runners! A good pair of running sunglasses with polarized lenses protects you from glare, ensuring you maintain optimal visibility and reducing the risk of accidents.

There are considerations – you can’t just grab any old pair of sunnies. If they’re not the right fit, you’ll be constantly adjusting ill-fitting sunglasses mid-run. With that in mind, here are the main considerations when identifying a pair of running sunglasses to add to your kit.

Recommended Sunglasses for Running

First and foremost, UV protection is non-negotiable, so you should look for sunglasses that offer 100% UVA and UVB protection. However, you need to pair those with something comfortable. Lightweight frames and adjustable features ensure a snug fit without causing discomfort. Remember, the last thing you want is for your sunglasses to become a distraction rather than an asset.

Lightweight doesn’t seem to fit with durability, but you’ll need a strong pair, just in case they fall off. Opt for frames made from robust materials that can withstand the occasional bump, sweat, or accidental drop. Running is an adventure, and your sunglasses should be up for the ride.

Also, the lenses are important. We’ve mentioned polarized already, and that’s important in reducing glare. However, you should also pay serious consideration to the lens color. While personal preference plays a role, certain tints can enhance visibility in specific conditions. Gray lenses maintain color accuracy in bright sunlight, brown lenses enhance contrast in varying light conditions, and yellow lenses are great for low-light settings.

There are a couple of brands which come highly recommended. One manufacturer with a reputation for making running sunglasses is Oakley. Their BXTR model boasts plant-based BiO-Matter®* frame material that provides lightweight comfort and durability whilst running, but they’re also durable – they’re designed and undergo high-velocity tests to ensure they’re fit for high-octane situations.

Bolle also has a reputation within the sports eyewear sector, and they’re another option. They have the C-Shifter among their popular running models, with polycarbonate shatterproof and impact-resistant lenses. There’s also a half-rim shield lens that provides excellent airflow for particularly demanding runs.

Finally, CEBE offers a budget-friendly range for those runners who might hang up their trainers after they’ve got fit. They have the Outline model, which comes with an ultra-lightweight frame and shatterproof lenses. They tend to be more multi-use rather than for running, but at the lower end of the scale, they’re certainly a budget option.

Conclusion

Sunglasses - they're not just a finishing touch to your running ensemble; they're your armor against the elements, your shield against UV rays, and your style statement on the go. Running is about freedom, and with the right sunglasses, you're chasing miles, but you don’t have to run away from the sun.

Parkrun under fire for removing course records for inclusivity

Parkrun, the world’s largest weekly timed 5K event, has come under fire over a decision to remove men’s and women’s course records from its database. The move, aimed at fostering inclusivity and fairness, has sparked controversy within the running community.

Originating in the U.K., parkrun attracts hundreds of participants of all abilities to take part in timed 5K runs held in parks, trails and open spaces every Saturday morning, at locations across the globe. Each parkrun course featured men’s and women’s records and showed the fastest 500 finishers (of all time) on that course, plus age-graded results. However, in response to accusations of unfairness, particularly regarding its entry rules related to self-identification of gender, parkrun has chosen to eliminate the records altogether.

A spokesperson for parkrun explained that this decision was made to increase registration and participation while removing potential barriers. “There was a disconnect between the performance data displayed so prominently on the site, and our mission to create opportunities for as many people as possible to take part in parkrun events,” a spokesperson told The Telegraph.

The decision has stirred controversy, leaving several runners frustrated and arguing that rather than addressing concerns about fairness, parkrun’s move made the issue worse. “Rather than give females their fair sports results from parkrun–where it would be very easy to add course records for non-binary categories, they have removed all records,” a woman tweeted. “I hope parkrun will listen to the fact that the vast majority want a fair sport for all based on the biological reality of the bodies we run/race/compete with.”

Last year, World Athletics banned transgender athletes from competing in the female category, citing concerns of fairness and competitive advantage. However, parkrun differs from elite competitions, being a community-driven, volunteer-led event focused on fun and participation rather than prizes or accolades.

When registering for parkrun, participants are asked to specify their gender, with options including ‘prefer not to say’ and ‘another gender identity’ in addition to male and female. Parkrun has clarified that the intention behind the decision is to reduce the competitive nature of its events and eliminate the perception that the weekly runs are races. This approach aims to create a more welcoming environment for participants of all abilities.

Why the Color of Your Water Bottle Matters

For 15 years, Hydro Flask has taken colors very seriously. Turns out, science agrees.Every color tells a story. Green is never just green, nor is blue ever just blue. It’s the flash of sunlight on an alpine lake or the underside of a cloud on a spring morning. It’s a snapshot of a place, a memory, a feeling.

At least, that’s how Hydro Flask sees things. The Bend, Oregon–based hydration brand, which pioneered the vacuum-insulated water bottle back in 2009, has always taken a unique approach to color, with palettes drawn from nature and designed to evoke feelings of our favorite outdoor memories. Like a smell or sound, color can snap you back into a memorable moment or place.But that’s not all color can do. Just think about choosing the paint for your bedroom or house, or the shade of your favorite shirt. Color is a powerful force, and researchers who study color psychology say colors can change your mood and even shape your thinking. That means blue tones, for example, could make you more relaxed, more tranquil, and more creative.

Maybe that’s why we intuitively pay close attention to the products we use, the clothes we wear, and the style we cultivate. The combinations are a way to express our personal style, and Hydro Flask water bottles and tumblers, with their carefully crafted hues, offer the perfect accessory to add a bit of everyday color.And color could even have an effect on your health. Consider this: the importance of hydration to overall well-being is well documented, and the latest research suggests proper hydration is linked to healthier aging as well. Could a colorful water bottle help you with your hydration goals?

“Absolutely,” says Dena Blevins, creative director at Hydro Flask. “You’re more likely to use something that you like and makes you feel good about using it. It’s a reflection of your style, of who you are, and an extension of your personality.” It may also be easier to stay hydrated if your bottle reminds you of nature and staying healthy.

So it appears Hydro Flask was on to something when it made color development an essential design tenet when the brand was founded 15 years ago. Since then, Hydro Flask has plucked hues from landscapes across the United States—from the lush coasts of Hawaii to the sunlit sandstone of the desert Southwest. Now, the company is turning its gaze to its own backyard in Oregon.“We are very fortunate to be surrounded by incredible views and landscape that inspire creativity in our everyday,” says Blevins. Hydro Flask’s home state hosts a stunning variety of landscapes, from temperate rainforest to alpine tundra to high desert. Along the western coast, clouds cast deep purple shadows across the sea. Silvery rainfall waters verdant stands of old-growth trees. Farther inland, brilliant sunlight filters through evergreen needles, calling attention to pastel-pink flowers along the forest floor. Oregon’s landscapes provide a constant source of awe and inspiration.The most vibrant color in the new lineup, Cascade was inspired by the crisp, soothing blue of the alpine lakes that dot the North Cascade Range. They’re a sight to behold and an experience to be felt. Take a dip in the icy water, and you’ll remember the exhilarating chill long after you warm up (especially during a group swim with friends). Fed by glacial snowmelt, these lakes get their otherworldly color from the fine rock dust, sometimes called glacial flour, suspended in the water. The tiny particles scatter incoming sunlight, casting the lakes in a vibrant turquoise. In the Cascades, lakes serve as a welcome finish line for many grueling hikes. They symbolize life, vitality, and triumph.

This calming, powdered rose hue is inspired by the distinctive trillium blooms that speckle Oregon forests with a soft glow. The flower is one of the season’s first and signals the end of the long winter. It’s a sign of hope and joy as well as grace—the blooms perch at the end of long, slender stalks that sway gently in the spring breeze. Wherever you live, get out for a hike in the spring and look for wildflowers and other signs of renewal. It’s a great way to mark the transition from winter to spring and get energized for a new season outdoors.

Oregon’s plentiful rainfall feeds lush woodlands. This color mimics the deep green of Oregon’s old-growth forests, home to 1,000-year-old trees. Just plant yourself at the base of one of these towering giants and look up—there’s nothing like feeling small in a really big way. Throughout the centuries, these ancient groves have protected and nurtured both people and wildlife alike, and you’ll feel the forest’s comfort and strength just by walking through it.Hydro Flask® is the leader in high-performance insulated products that help people enjoy the things they love to do in the places they love to be. From the number one–selling water bottle to soft goods innovations like the Day Escape™ Soft Coolers to the Outdoor Kitchen dining collection, Hydro Flask’s delightfully simple designs and go-anywhere durability deliver the perfect temperature when you need it. Founded in 2009 in Bend, Oregon, Hydro Flask inspires active outdoor lives with two simple words: Let’s go! Its giving program, Parks for All, supports nonprofit organizations focused on building, maintaining, restoring, and investing in public green spaces so people everywhere can live healthier, happier, and more fulfilled lives. To learn more about Hydro Flask and Parks for All, and to see the full lineup of award-winning products, visit hydroflask.com.e-hard football fans have something to teach trail runners, skimo racers, and other competitive athletes

Five tips from top Canadian ultrarunner Jazmine Lowther

Canadian ultrarunning star Jazmine Lowther has worked through some epic highs and challenging lows since she turned pro in 2022. Lowther took the top spot at the 2022 Canyons Endurance Runs by UTMB, followed by a fourth-place finish in the 2022 CCC race at Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc (UTMB).

While she managed to speed to second at Transgrancanaria 128K in Spain in 2023, she has also struggled with injuries and biomechanics issues. Lowther recently shared five things she wishes she had embraced when she first dove into ultrarunning; newbies and seasoned athletes alike can learn from her wisdom and suggestions.

1.- Befriend your heart rate

Lowther says she mostly runs by RPE (rate of perceived exertion), but adopting an approach that leans more toward heart-rate-based training has allowed her to “understand my own physiology much deeper, recover properly, and respect pacing.”

Becoming familiar with your heart rate zones can be a valuable skill, and paying attention to your performance metrics, such as pace and endurance, in relation to your zones will help you become a more responsive, tuned-in, healthy athlete. You’ll also be better able to notice if your body needs more rest and recovery time.

2.- Start a training log

While many runners count on apps like Strava to capture their running data, spending time logging more in-depth information about your training is worthwhile, as it provides unique insights over time. “Strava  is great (it has most of my training),” says Lowther, “but it doesn’t include how I felt, what workouts I completed, what I ate before/after, caffeinated, fatigue, etc.”

3.- Wear sunscreen

This one is as simple as it sounds. “Protect thy skin,” says Lowther. “Ultrarunning takes you out there for mega-long hours! Slather up!” While most of us know that prolonged sun exposure during outdoor running can increase the risk of skin damage, including sunburn, premature aging and an elevated risk of skin cancer, it can be easy to forget to reapply after hours on the trails. Wearing sunscreen helps to create a protective barrier, reducing the absorption of UV rays and minimizing the potential harm to the skin, and, as Lowther notes, is an essential precautionary measure (in all kinds of weather) for maintaining skin health.

4.- Find your baseline

Lowther suggests integrating benchmark training runs into your routine to establish an initial baseline. The process involves finishing a predetermined course or distance to use as a reference tool and provides a basis for assessing your performance and comparing it to others in terms of time, pace, or other relevant metrics. “I suppose I’ve done this in an unstructured way (Strava segments anyone?) but seriously, repeating workouts in the same location/distance is great for checking in on things,” she says.

5.- Have patience in the process

Focus on consistency and long-term goals and gains. Consider each run and workout as an investment in your fitness and training bank, even if it didn’t go exactly as planned. “One day at a time, year over year,” says Lowther. “Consistency, is that you?”

Faith Kipyegon donates history-making spikes to the Museum of World Athletics

Double world record holder Faith Kipyegon has donated her history-making bright pink running spikes to the Museum of World Athletics.

Three-time World 1500m champion Faith Kipyegon has donated the spikes that she competed in at the World Championships in Budapest, Hungary to the Museum of World Athletics.

The reigning World 5000m champion wore those bright pink running spikes while making history during last year’s global bonanza.

Kipyegon has now graciously chosen to donate to MOWA in recognition of the historic double accomplished by the Kenyan phenomenon with her formidable finish in the gripping 12-and-a-half lap final.

Kipyegon was in a class of her own during last year’s event, bagging both the 1500m and 5000m titles. In the 1500m final in Budapest, she controlled the race all the way, gradually winding up the pace before kicking hard at the bell and opening up a wide gap with 200m remaining.

She crossed the line in 3:54.87, comfortably clear of the young Ethiopian Diribe Welteji, who took second in 3:55.69. The fast-finishing Sifan Hassan claimed bronze in 3:56.00.

As would be the case in the 5000m, Kipyegon with the smooth, perfectly balanced high temp running style secured a historic achievement with her 1500m success.

No woman had ever completed a hat-trick of World Championships titles at the distance. Algeria’s Hassiba Boulmerka, Tatyana Tomashova of Russia, and Bahraini Maryam Jamal all won twice at the distance.

Kipyegon's first 1500m title came in London back in 2017 and her second in Oregon in 2022. In between, in Doha in 2019, on the comeback trail after the birth of her daughter, Alyn, she took the silver medal behind Hassan.

She now has focus on the Olympic Games where she intends to make history one more time by bagging her third Olympic title.

“That’s the big fish. If I win three times, back-to-back Olympic titles at 1500m, it will be a motivation to the next generation. And it will be a big motivation for me to try to achieve it. It would be a big legacy to leave behind. It would be something else,” she said as per World Athletics.

How Little Strength Training Can You Get Away With?

To be a maximalist, you must first be a minimalist. That's an aphorism I first heard from Michael Joyner, the Mayo Clinic physiologist and human performance expert, and it resonates. To truly reach your potential in one or a few areas, you have to be disciplined about all the other ways in which you could fritter away your valuable time and energy. Excellence requires tough choices.

All this is to say that when it comes to strength training, I'm not ashamed to admit that my number one question is "How little can I get away with?" I'm fully convinced that strength training has important benefits for health and performance, and I recognize that lifting heavy things can be a source of meaning and self-mastery. But I've got miles to run before I sleep and, metaphorically, a bunch of errands to run before my kids get home, so a recent review in Sports Medicine caught my eye. An international group of researchers, led by David Behm of Memorial University of Newfoundland and Andreas Konrad of Graz University in Austria, sum up the existing research on minimalist resistance training: how low can you go and still get meaningful gains in strength and fitness?

For starters, let's acknowledge that making meaningful gains is not the same as optimizing or maximizing your gains. There's a general pattern in the dose-response functions of various types of exercise: doing a little bit gives you the biggest bang for your buck, but adding more training leads to steadily diminishing returns (and eventually, for reasons that aren't as obvious as you might think, a plateau). Those diminishing returns are worth chasing if you're trying to maximize your performance. But if your goal is health, more is not necessarily better, as we'll see below.

In a perfect world, you'd like to see a systematic meta-analysis of all the literature on minimalist strength training, meaning that you'd pool the results of all the different studies into one big dataset and extract the magic training formula. Unfortunately, the resistance training literature is all over the map: different types of strength training, study subjects with different characteristics and levels of experience, different ways of measuring the outcome. That makes it impossible to meaningfully combine them in one dataset. Instead, Behm and Kramer settled for a narrative review, which basically means reading everything you can find and trying to sum it up.

Their key conclusion is that "resistance training-hesitant individuals" can get significant gains from one workout a week consisting of just one set of 6 to 15 reps, with a weight somewhere between 30 and 80 percent of one-rep max, preferably with multi-joint movements like squats, deadlifts, and bench press. That's strikingly similar to a minimalist program I wrote about a couple of years ago: that one involved a single weekly set of 4 to 6 reps, but the lifting motions were ultra-slow, which heightens the stimulus. You don't even necessarily have to lift to failure, though you probably need to get within a couple of reps of it.

The data that Behm and Kramer looked at came from studies that typically lasted 8 to 12 weeks. One of the unanswered questions is whether such a minimalist program would keep producing gains on a longer timeframe. You'd clearly need to continue increasing the weight you lift to ensure that you're still pushing your body to adapt. But do you reach a point where further progress requires you to increase the number of sets, or the number of workouts per week? Maybe-but it's worth recalling that we're not trying to maximize gains here, we're just trying to achieve some hazily defined minimum stimulus. For those purposes, the evidence suggests running through a rigorous full-body workout once a week is enough to maintain a minimum level of muscular fitness.

There's another, less obvious angle to minimalist strength training that researchers continue to grapple with. Duck-Chul Lee of Iowa State and I-Min Lee of Harvard, both prominent epidemiologists, published a recent review in Current Cardiology Reports called "Optimum Dose of Resistance Exercise for Cardiovascular Health and Longevity: Is More Better?"

The question echoes a debate that flared up a decade or so ago about whether too much running is bad for you, in which Duck-Chul Lee played a key role. Back in 2018, he also published a study of 12,500 patients from the Cooper Clinic in Dallas which found that those who did resistance training were healthier-but that the benefits maxed out at two workouts a week, and were reversed beyond about four workouts a week. At the time, I assumed the result was a fluke. But the new article collects a larger body of evidence to bolster the case. The newer data suggests that about an hour of strength training a week maximizes the benefits, and beyond two hours a week reverses them. Lee and Lee hypothesize that too much strength training might lead to stiffer arteries, or perhaps to chronic inflammation.

Now, when Duck-Chul Lee and others produced data suggesting that running more than 20 miles a week is bad for your health, I was brimming with skepticism and went over the data with a fine-tooth comb. I'm similarly cautious about these new results, and have trouble believing that there's anything unhealthy about doing three weekly strength workouts. But they do put the idea of minimalist strength training in a different light. Maybe you're not maximizing strength or muscle gains, but it's possible that you're optimizing long-term health-especially if the reason you only hit the gym once or twice a week is that you're too busy hitting the trails.

Four runners share their mental health stories

Many runners find their sport is not only a way to gain physical resilience, but also a powerful ally in the path toward mental well-being. The road to mental health isn’t solitary, and witnessing others share their challenges and successes can be uplifting and inspiring.

From pros to amateurs, athletes are speaking out about their struggles and triumphs with mental health. Here are four runners to follow who are also mental health advocates.

1.- Alexi Pappas

Pappas is known for being a remarkable athlete (she ran the 10,000m for Greece at the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro), but she also boasts credentials as a renowned author, filmmaker, and mental health advocate. Pappas opened up about mental health in 2020: after working toward and achieving her Olympic dreams, her mental health spiralled, and she was eventually diagnosed with severe clinical depression, which was compounded by injuries, a lack of sleep and her own reluctance to take a break from training.

Pappas authored her first book in 2021: Bravey: Chasing Dreams, Befriending Pain, and Other Big Ideas, highlighting her triumphs and challenges in sports and life, and encouraging readers to be “braveys” in pursuing their passions. She continues to advocate and be a source of hope to others on social media.”What if we athletes approached our mental health the same way we approach our physical health?” Pappas asks.

2- Allie Ostrander

Former American steeplechaser turned elite trail runner, Ostrander uses her Instagram platform to share mental health and eating disorder awareness and advocacy.

In 2021, Ostrander returned to professional competition after being sidelined with multiple injuries for the previous 18 months. During this time, she was hospitalized for treatment of an eating disorder. Ostrander qualified for the U.S. Olympic Trials, where she ran a personal best of 9:26.96 in the 3,000m steeplechase, before deciding to take a year-long break from professional running to prioritize her own mental health.

Ostrander returned to racing in 2023, and made a shift to the trails, running to ninth place at the Mammoth 26K in California in September.

3.- Evan Birch

Canadian ultrarunner and mental health advocate Evan Birch shares an unflinching look at his mental health journey on social media as he works to destigmatize the conversation around mental wellness. Birch is a former 911 dispatcher from Calgary who has been running on trails for more than a decade, and who most recently conquered Western Canada’s first 200-mile race, The Divide 200, in September 2023.

A busy father to young children, Birch recently collaborated with filmmaker Dylan Leeder to create Running Forward, a documentary illuminating the intersection between running and mental health.”It is more important to me now that I meet the truth within me, than it is to make other people comfortable with how I am,” Birch says on social media. “The gifts I have received from allowing myself to be sad are so plentiful.”

4.- Denoja Uthayakumar

From Scarborough, Ont., Uthayakumar is no stranger to hardship, but she has taken her experiences and built a social platform where she can advocate for individuals from similar backgrounds. Uthayakmar is a cancer survivor, body positivity and mental health advocate and was Canadian Running’s pick for our 2023 Community Builder of the Year award.

Uthayakumar was born into a Tamil family, and was diagnosed with thyroid cancer at age five; she shares her physical and mental health challenges alongside the joy that running and the community around it bring to her. “This year pushed me. It broke me down. It challenged me to no end,” Uthayakumar says on Instagram. “It was hard, but I rose higher with my running journey, and was able to share more of my story during my healing while being a survivor.”

Five exercises to amplify ankle strength and stability

Adding a few ankle exercises into your routine can help you stay strong and steady during the final tough miles of any long training run or race, whether you’re tackling roads or trails. You’ll also avoid getting sidelined by a strained ankle or repetitive stress injury.

A runner’s feet endure a continuous impact that, over time, can take a toll on the network of tendons and ligaments in the ankles. Toward the end of a long run or hard training session, fatigue and low glycogen levels cause your feet’s responsiveness of to changes in terrain to diminish, affecting the swift micro-movements crucial for maintaining balance. This decline in agility places an increasing burden on your ankles, subjecting them to prolonged stretching and strain.

The result is not only discomfort, but disarray in your proprioceptive system—the internal compass that guides your body’s position and movement—causing soreness, slips and ankle rolls. These exercises not only fortify your ankles but also act as a safeguard against the pitfalls of a fatigued and under-prepared lower extremity.

1.- Hop and hold

Stand with your feet hip-width apart, maintaining a straight and upright posture. Engage your core to ensure stability throughout the exercise.

Lift one foot slightly off the ground, balancing on the other.

With the grounded foot, perform a small, controlled hop. Focus on using the muscles around the ankle to control the movement. Upon landing, immediately shift your focus to holding the position. Balance on the foot that landed, ensuring that your ankle remains stable. Imagine rooting your foot into the ground.

Try to hold the position for 10-15 seconds, before switching to the other leg. Perform two to three sets of 10-15 reps on each foot, gradually increasing the duration of the hold as your ankle strength improves.

Modify this one if you find it challenging at first: you can hold onto a stable surface (like a chair or railing) for support until you build confidence and strength.

2.- Lateral shuffle

This exercise enhances ankle stability by engaging lateral movement and weight transfer.

Stand with feet hip-width apart, maintaining a slight bend in the knees.

Take a lateral step to one side, followed by the other foot. Move with controlled and deliberate steps.

Keep a low and athletic stance throughout the shuffle with your core engaged.

Try four x 10 steps to the left, then to the right.

3.- One-legged medicine ball toss

This exercise enhances ankle strength, stability and proprioception.

Stand on one leg with a slight bend in the knee for stability.

Hold a medicine ball with both hands, positioned in front of your chest.

While balancing on one leg, toss the medicine ball in the air and catch it. Focus on stability during the tossing and catching phases.

After completing a set, switch to the other leg. Try three sets of 10 tosses to start.

This exercise can be done with a cement wall, bouncing the ball gently off the wall with each toss and from both forward and sideways directions—it’s also a fun exercise to do with a partner.

4.- Eccentric calf raises

Try doing these on a step, lowering let your heels a few centimetres below the step with each one, to get a slightly deeper stretch.

Stand with feet hip-width apart and rise onto your tiptoes. Lower heels to a slow count to five.

Let your heels touch the ground, then immediately rise onto your toes again.

The key phase in this exercise is the eccentric one (the lowering part) when the tendon and muscles lengthen to control the downward path of your body.

5.- Single-leg Romanian deadlift

The single-leg Romanian deadlift targets multiple areas for runners—it not only strengthens the hamstrings and glutes but also enhances balance and stability, crucial for maintaining that strong foundation during tired miles.

Begin standing on one leg, with a slight bend in the knee. Hinge at your hips, pushing them backward while simultaneously lowering your upper body towards the ground. Keep your back straight and your chest lifted.

As you hinge forward, extend your non-standing leg straight behind you. Work to keep your extended leg, hip, and torso in a straight line, forming a “T” shape with your body.

Reach your hands towards the ground, going as low as your flexibility allows. Engage your hamstrings and glutes to return to the upright position, bring your extended leg back to the starting position, and repeat.

Aim for three sets of 10-12 repetitions on each leg.

These exercises collectively target ankle strength, stability and mobility, providing a comprehensive approach to help you maintain an unshakeable foundation. As with any exercise, start with a light load, or use your body weight and gradually increase as your strength and technique improve.

Canadian road and trail champ Anne-Marie Madden shares her wisdom

Canadian distance runner Anne-Marie Madden has been shining on both road and trails for years, most recently winning the masters division at the 2023 California International Marathon (CIM). Madden was third at Arizona’s Black Canyon 100K in 2022, earning her entry into the 2022 edition of the legendary Western States 100, where she took 11th place.

Madden, who works as a doctor in Vancouver, shared the secrets to her success in seamlessly transitioning between road and trail running with Canadian Running.

Early morning trail training

Balancing a thriving medical career with elite training demands a strategic training schedule. Madden’s weekdays are often dictated by long work hours, so she utilizes non-technical trails for pre-dawn runs with her dog, Tucker. Her days off become an opportunity for long, trail-focused runs.

“During this most recent marathon build, I made a concerted effort to do some long runs on the road,” says Madden. “My coach gave me a few workouts within a long run. This was useful on weeks when I had limited time off to do other workouts and it also built up my confidence running faster road paces again.”

Fuelling for both styles

Madden’s fuelling strategy adapts to the demands of each terrain. For shorter, more intense road workouts, she opts for liquid nutrition and gels, finding bars challenging to consume when running at a higher intensity. She uses different methods of staying hydrated during training: on trails, she uses a filter flask to refill water from natural sources, contrasting the convenience of refilling at water fountains on urban road runs.

Tips for runners hoping to shift between terrain

“One of the biggest mental shifts for road runners moving into the trail space is to let go of pace goals,” says Madden. “The terrain often dictates the pace. Running on trails is a great opportunity to hone in on perceived effort and to tune into our body’s cues.” Madden says this skill carries over to road racing.

“For readers with a road running background looking to do more trail racing, I recommend they introduce trail runs into their program on their easy days or for a portion of their long run,” says Madden. “They can eventually work in trail workouts such as hill repeats or speed work on gravel paths.”

Vert and alpine views

Madden’s social media posts highlight the beautiful B.C. trails where she runs with her exuberant dog. “The alpine views here are spectacular and the high numbers of park visitors means the trails are well maintained and great for running,” she says. She does the bulk of her long runs on the mountain bike trails in Pemberton and Squamish.

Madden says that while there are lots of great runs in B.C. with tons of vert., the snow pack can make it hard to find long sustained climbs to train on can be challenging in early spring: “something to keep in mind if you’re signing up for a big race with lots of vertical early in the race season.”

With that in mind, Madden will next be lining up at Black Canyon 100K on Feb. 10th, “a relatively low vert trail race which is easier to train for during the Canadian winter when a lot of the higher elevation trails are snow covered,” she says.

7 Legit Benefits of Running At Night—And How To Do It Safely

It was around mile two of the Joshua Tree Half Marathon that I started to hear animals I couldn’t see. Was that a horse? I wondered (and hoped). The daylight was officially gone.

But I realized that as spooky as night running might be, it also creates an eerie kind of magic. Lights twinkled in the valley below the hilly path I was climbing, but all around me it was pitch black, aside from the few feet of sandy trail that each runner’s headlamp illuminated. With nothing else to see, all I had to focus on were my own footsteps and my breath—and how I could race through the desert as quickly as possible.

Amie Dworecki, B.S., M.A., MBA, Amie Dworecki, B.S., M.A., MBA, is a running coach and founder of Running With Life. 

Brad Whitley, DPT, physical therapist at Bespoke Treatments in Seattle 

Marnie Kunz, CPT2, USATF- and RRCA-certified running coach 

Most long-distance races take place in the morning, but this half marathon starts right around sunset. Because the scenery of the course is a tad monotonous, the race organizers embrace the adrenaline rush you can get from running under the stars.

I joined as part of a press trip sponsored by Nathan Sports, Skechers, and Swiftwick. The experience reminded me that even when the days are short during the winter and pushing your pace after the sun goes down becomes the norm, night running can be its own unique adventure.

The more I looked into running at night, the more advantages I found—even if you need to take a few extra safety precautions when you’re lacing up.

The perks of running at night

What are the main benefits of night running? Here are a few of the top reasons to get in a nocturnal workout.

1. The temperature is cooler

Earlier in the day before the Joshua Tree race, I’d been cowering from the heat anytime the sun touched my skin. But once it was dark out, the desert air got so cool that my sweat-wicking T-shirt barely had any work to do.

As it turns out, temperatures around 40° Fahrenheit are ideal for long-distance running, largely because our hearts don’t have to work quite as hard to pump our blood to cool us down, according to a May 2012 study in PLOS One.

Even if the mercury doesn’t get quite that low after dark in a hot or humid climate, night running after sunset (or, alternatively, heading out before sunrise) is clearly the way to go to nab those cooler running temperatures.

2. Your body’s more ready to run

Running shortly after rolling out of bed can sometimes feel like wading through molasses. It’s no surprise why: You’ve just been lying stationary for hours, so your body temperature and mobility aren’t exactly ideal.

3. It might feel easier

The dark can be a secret weapon for runners. One August 2012 study in the Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology on optic flow (our perception of our movement in relation to our surroundings) suggested that because we can’t see as far in the dark, we feel like we’re going faster because close objects seem to pass by more quickly than those in the distance.

Even though your watch might not record any speedier miles, running in the dark can be a helpful confidence boost when you get the sense that you’re zooming along.

4. Night running can help you sleep

How can running at night affect your sleep quality? Despite rumors to the contrary, there’s some evidence to suggest evening runs might actually help you get deeper zzzs.

An October 2018 meta-analysis in Sports Medicine found that as long as you finish running more than an hour before your bedtime, it most likely won’t mess with your sleep quality. Instead, it could actually help you spend slightly longer in those restorative deep sleep stages.

Anecdotally, some people say they also seem to fall asleep faster.

That’s something to experiment with, according to certified running coach Amie Dworecki, CPT. Everybody’s different, so you might need to find out what works best for your own circadian rhythm.

5. You’re likely better fueled

Eating can be tricky for morning runners—you’ll run better with some food in your stomach, but if you don’t give yourself enough time to digest, you might run into GI issues.

At night, though, you should be fairly well-fueled from noshing all day, Dworecki says. Just be sure to have a snack to top off your carbohydrate stores before heading out the door, says certified running coach Marnie Kunz, CPT.

6. It’s more peaceful

Depending on where you run, during the day you might feel like you’re playing Frogger with traffic and pedestrians, dogs, and baby strollers. At night, most of those hurdles typically fade away.

“It's really almost a meditative experience because of the quiet and solitude,” Dworecki says. “It can really add relaxation to your running.”

7. You have more options

Because you’re less likely to have a certain time you need to be back by at night than you would in the morning, it’s easier to choose your own adventure based on how you’re feeling. You can add a couple extra miles if you feel like it, or end early and walk home instead.

Running at night vs. morning: How to choose

Many runners swear by their morning miles. But obviously, the a.m. hours aren’t the only time to run. How do you know whether night or morning runs will serve you best?

For some people, it’s purely logistical: The best time to get in a run is whenever you can run. But if you have a choice, it might help to pay attention to the natural ups and downs in your energy levels.

“If you're a night person, you can actually feel better or more energetic if you're running in the evenings,” Dworecki says. Or, she adds, you might be able to use running to give yourself an energy boost at a time when it would typically dip.

If you’re someone who needs camaraderie to lace up, one of the benefits of night running is you’re more likely to find a group run to join after the work day, or convince a friend to join you for a few social miles.

Even if you’re alone, night running can also give you more of a thrill than the chore-like approach you might take to morning runs.

“It's kind of an adrenaline rush running at night sometimes,” Kunz says.

On the other hand, running in the morning can be safer because there’s typically more people on the street, and more daylight means you’re more visible to cars.

Running first thing in the morning can also make you more consistent—even if you get stuck working late hours or friends convince you to head out for a happy hour, your workout will already be done.

Safety precautions for night running

1. Make sure you have enough light

Unless you know you’ll be running in a well-lit area, you’ll need to bring or wear your own running lights, Dworeck says.

I ran the Joshua Tree Half Marathon with the lightweight Nathan Sports Neutron Fire RX 2.0 Runner’s Headlamp, which securely attached to my forehead, and gave me 250 lumens of light in any direction I turned. Although it took me a little while to find the right spot on my forehead so it didn’t slip or bounce, once I did, I forgot it was even there.

If the thought of wearing a light on your head doesn’t sound appealing, you can also opt for a chest lamp or carry your own small flashlight. There are even have lights you can put on your shoes or your gloves, Dworecki says.

2. Stay visible to cars

Before the race, I was sent Nathan’s Laser Light 3 Liter Hydration Pack, which has a genius double-duty design that gives you a place to stash water as well as lights on the back in case you’re running anywhere there might be cars.

If you don’t have actual lights on your body, at least be sure to wear bright reflective gear so drivers can easily see you. Light-up reflective vests aren’t your only option—these days, many pieces of running gear stylishly incorporate reflective details, and there are even several reflective running shoes.

3. Consider leaving your headphones at home

Night running probably isn’t the right time to zone out to a podcast. Because you won’t be able to see as well, it helps to keep your other senses sharp.

“Watch your use of headphones just to be aware of what's around you,” Dworecki says.

4. Let someone know where you are

Although running when the streets are quiet can feel less stressful than during busier, noisier parts of the day, empty roads or trails can also be dangerous.

“Let someone know where you're going or share your run so they can track you,” Kunz says.

Apps like Strava let you proactively send your location to select contacts in real time. Alternatively, you can choose to stick to sidewalks or a track where you know other people will be out and about.

How to motivate yourself to run at night

After a long day, forcing yourself to get off of your warm couch and out into the dark doesn’t always sound super appealing. Kunz suggests making a promise to yourself to simply run 10 minutes—it’s just a little exercise snack that doesn’t feel like too much pressure.

“You know you can turn back, but once you're out the door, usually you'll feel okay and just keep running,” she says.

Dworecki adds that for some people, it’s easier to run right from their workplace. When I was training for an ultramarathon, for instance, I used to run home four miles from my office every night so that I didn’t waste half an hour commuting on the subway—my commute was my run (and it only took slightly longer). Then, once I stepped in the door, I could just relax without having to convince myself to leave again.

It can also be helpful to make night running more social by joining a group run or turning it into a date with a friend to catch up after work.

“[It] makes your run more fun and it gives you some accountability,” Kunz says. Even running with a dog can help a night run feel less lonely.

FAQ

1. Do I need a light to run at night?

If you’re going on trails or areas without ample street lamps, you’ll want to bring your own light source with you to make sure you can see where you’re going and what you’re about to step on. The most popular option among runners is a headlamp.

2. Can running at night help in managing stress?

Running is always a good stress release—the extra blood flow to our brain triggers a release of dopamine and endorphins, sometimes leading to the famous “runner’s high.” These benefits might be especially welcome at night.

“It's a great way to kind of blow off steam at the end of the day, and help unwind and relax before going to sleep,” Kunz says.

3. Is it bad to run at 10 p.m.?

Sometimes the only chance you have to fit in a workout is after many people go to bed. Dworecki says that sometimes when she’s struggling with insomnia, she might head out for a run around 1 a.m.

Just know that working up a sweat with intense exercise, like running vs. walking, for instance, will raise your heart rate pretty high, so be sure to give yourself enough time (at least an hour) to wind down after you're finished so it doesn’t mess with your sleep.

No matter when you get back home, do a cooldown, take a hot shower, eat some food, and settle in for the night knowing you’ve gotten all those longevity benefits and health perks.

AIU ban James Karanja for four years

James Karanja, the athlete who competed and won a race during his provisional suspension, has been banned for four years by the AIU.

Kenyan long-distance runner James Karanja has been slapped with a four-year ban by the Athletics Integrity Unit for violating an anti-doping rule.

Karanja tested positive for the use of 9-norandrosterone, 19-noretiocholanolone, Nandrolone, and his results from September 10, 2023, have been disqualified.

19-norandrosterone and 19-noretiocholanolone are Metabolites of 19-nortestosterone (Nandrolone) (and 19-norandrostenedione) which are Prohibited Substance under the WADA 2023 Prohibited List under the category S1.1 Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS). They are non-specified substances prohibited at all times.

The AIU explained that the athlete failed to respond to any of their messages and therefore he will be banned for four years unless he reaches out and proves that the Anti-Doping Rule Violations were not intentional.

“The Athlete has not demonstrated that the Anti-Doping Rule Violations were not intentional. Therefore, the mandatory period of Ineligibility is a period of Ineligibility of four (4) years,” the AIU further noted.

Meanwhile, after being provisionally suspended last year, Karanja breached the AIU rules and went ahead to compete and win the Tropical Rainforest Run, a trail half-marathon in Tawau Hills, Malaysia.

The AIU makes it clear that during a provisional suspension, an athlete is not supposed to compete as they conduct their investigations.

According to the AIU, Karanja tested positive for the prohibited substance Norandrosterone during an in-competition test at the 2023 Kuching Marathon, where he finished fourth and was eligible for prize money.

5 things you should know about Steve Prefontaine

Steve “Pre” Prefontaine would have turned 73 on Thursday, and the legendary runner’s enduring legacy and impact on the sport continues. From Coos Bay, Ore., Pre became one of the biggest stars in the sport during his time at the University of Oregon in the 70s, where he held seven American records from the 2,000m to the 10,000m. Here are five facts about the iconic runner, whose achievements and words continue to inspire and resonate.

Trailblazer of distance running

Prefontaine was a pioneer in distance running, known for his fearless approach and unwavering determination. He burst onto the scene in the early 1970s, and his aggressive front-running style and refusal to settle for anything but victory revolutionized distance running in the U.S. and beyond.

Prefontaine’s Olympic journey was tragically cut short when he was 24. He competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich and was preparing for the 1976 Olympics with the Oregon Track Club when he died in a car accident on May 30, 1975.

Advocate for athletes’ rights

Beyond his achievements on the track, Prefontaine was a vocal advocate for the rights of amateur athletes. He challenged the existing system, governed by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) that restricted athletes’ ability to earn money while maintaining their amateur status. Prefontaine defied the AAU by organizing a series of meets with a group of Finnish athletes. One of these meets, held at Marshfield High School in 1975, was where Prefontaine set his last American record.

Legendary duel at the 1972 Munich Olympics

One of Prefontaine’s most memorable moments was the 5,000m race at the 1972 Munich Olympics. In a fierce battle against Finnish runner Lasse Virén, Prefontaine showcased his indomitable spirit, finishing fourth in a race that is often considered one of the greatest duels in Olympic history. The image of Prefontaine pushing himself to the limit serves as a timeless reminder of his competitive fire.

Nike’s first signature athlete

In 1974, Prefontaine signed with Nike for $5,000—as the first runner to sign with the company, he jump-started the brand as a running shoe company. Bill Bowerman, the sports coach at the University of Oregon, also happened to be the co-founder of Nike. In 2022, a pair of Nike Oregon waffle shoes worn by the distance runner were sold for USD $163,800 on the auction site, Sothebys.com.

The Prefontaine Classic

In honor of Pre’s lasting impact on the sport, the annual Prefontaine Classic track and field meet was established in Eugene, Ore. This prestigious event attracts elite athletes from around the world and continues to be a fitting tribute to Pre’s legacy. Hayward Field, where the meet is held, holds a special place in the hearts of runners as the venue where Prefontaine achieved many of his remarkable feats.

Prefontaine is remembered not only for his athletic prowess but also for the passion, courage, and advocacy that defined his life.

Five things you should know about Steve Prefontaine, on his birthday

Steve “Pre” Prefontaine would turn 73 on Thursday (Jan 25), and the legendary runner’s enduring legacy and impact on the sport continues. From Coos Bay, Ore., Pre became one of the biggest stars in the sport during his time at the University of Oregon in the 70s, where he held seven American records from the 2,000m to the 10,000m.  Here are five facts about the iconic runner, whose achievements and words continue to inspire and resonate worldwide.

1.- Trailblazer of distance running

Prefontaine was a pioneer in distance running, known for his fearless approach and unwavering determination. He burst onto the scene in the early 1970s, and his aggressive front-running style and refusal to settle for anything but victory revolutionized distance running in the U.S. and beyond.

Prefontaine’s Olympic journey was tragically cut short when he was 24. Prefontaine competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich and was preparing for the 1976 Olympics with the Oregon Track Club when he died in a car accident on May 30, 1975.

2.- Advocate for athlete’s rights

Beyond his achievements on the track, Prefontaine was a vocal advocate for the rights of amateur athletes. He challenged the existing system, governed by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) that restricted athletes’ ability to earn money while maintaining their amateur status. Prefontaine defied the AAU by organizing a series of meets with a group of Finnish athletes. One of these meets, held at Marshfield High School in 1975, was where Prefontaine set his last American record.

3.- Legendary duel at the 1972 Munich Olympics

One of Prefontaine’s most memorable moments was the 5,000-meter race at the 1972 Munich Olympics. In a fierce battle against Finnish runner Lasse Virén, Prefontaine showcased his indomitable spirit, finishing fourth in a race that is often considered one of the greatest duels in Olympic history. The image of Prefontaine pushing himself to the limit serves as a timeless reminder of his competitive fire.

4.- Nike’s first signature athlete

In 1974, Prefontaine signed with Nike for $5,000—as the first runner to sign with the company, he jump-started the brand as a running shoe company. Bill Bowerman, the sports coach at the University of Oregon, also happened to be the co-founder of Nike. In 2022, a pair of Nike Oregon Waffle shoes worn by distance runner Prefontaine were sold for USD $163,800 on the auction site, Sothebys.com

5.- The Prefontaine Classic

In honor of Pre’s lasting impact on the sport, the Prefontaine Classic, an annual track and field meet, was established in Eugene, Ore. This prestigious event attracts elite athletes from around the world and continues to be a fitting tribute to Pre’s legacy. Hayward Field, where the meet is held, holds a special place in the hearts of runners as the venue where Prefontaine achieved many of his remarkable feats.

Prefontaine is remembered not only for his athletic prowess but also for the passion, courage, and advocacy that defined his life.

A Guide to Effective Goal Setting

While some folks might navigate life with less of a plan, athletes, particularly runners with competitive ambition, need structure to their goals. Goal setting is as natural to you as accidentally clicking "Sign Up" on Ultrasignup; before you know it, your goals are on paper!

However, even for goal-oriented individuals like yourself, there's always room to refine your goal-setting approach to maximize your potential. And that starts with a proper perspective. A mentor once phrased it as follows: "It's not solely about achieving the goal,l but rather about the person you must become to attain it."

This perspective emphasizes the growth process, with the goal as a guiding target. It liberates us from negative thinking and self-blame if we miss our target. Many successes remain if we do the work and grow in our attempts. The only true failure occurs when we fail to put in the effort or set the wrong initial goal. Effective goal setting can help you avoid both.

As we immerse into the new year, lottery selections, and the process of finalizing race schedules and objectives for 2024, I aim to share my guide on effective goal setting that I apply myself, teach our coaches at CTS, and work with many of my athletes through. As a coach, imparting the skill of effective goal setting to my athletes is among the most invaluable contributions I can make. It is the foundation for a year or a lifelong pursuit, marked by personal growth and self-discovery.

Setting the Stage: Your Trail Running Vision

A good starting place for any goal is to reflect on your long-term vision as a person and athlete. What are your ultimate aspirations in the sport? This could include completing specific races, achieving certain performance milestones, or simply experiencing personal growth through running. Consider what truly motivates you. Is it the joy of running on scenic trails, the desire to push your physical and psychological limits, the thrill of competition, the sense of belonging in a community, the means of coping with life's pressures, or the person you're becoming in the process? Understanding the answers to these questions will help you set meaningful goals.

After gaining clarity, put your vision into writing and make it a habit to revisit it frequently. Keep this vision statement in front of you by putting it in places you will see on a regular basis, such as your bathroom mirror, phone screen saver, or calendar reminders that alert you throughout the day or week. Remember that your vision may evolve as you continue to grow and develop. Having a well-articulated statement of purpose is a powerful tool that can assist you in refocusing when necessary. We've all faced challenging seasons, and reconnecting with the motivations behind our involvement in the demands of trail and ultrarunning can help us maintain a positive outlook and a strong sense of direction. In fact, it's not uncommon for my athletes to revisit these purpose statements even during the midst of a challenging ultra event.

Types of Goals

Before we get to the how-to's, let's define some terms and build a good framework. There are various types of goals that trail and ultrarunners commonly pursue. One prevalent category of goals is outcome goals, which involve specific race-related achievements such as finishing a race within a designated time or securing a particular placement. Outcome goals provide a clear target and can be highly motivating, often presenting a binary pass-or-fail outcome. For instance, an outcome goal might be, "I want to complete a 100-mile race in under 24 hours."

Another common type of goal relevant to all endurance athletes is performance goals.  These goals revolve around quantifiable metrics that assess speed, skills, or endurance. Performance goals are frequently integrated into training programs aimed at achieving outcome goals. An example of a performance goal is, "I want to maintain a sub-10-minute mile pace during my endurance runs on my local trail."

Process goals, on the other hand, concentrate on the specific actions and steps required for success. A process goal should accompany every outcome or performance goal. For instance, if the outcome goal is to complete a 100-mile race in under 24 hours, a suitable process goal might be to maintain consistent daily training for a six-month period. While this process goal may lack detailed specifics, it is arguably an athlete's most crucial goal. It demands hard work, discipline, and a smart training approach to sustain consistency. Even if the athlete falls short of their target, the process can be a success if it has made them a better athlete and individual throughout the journey. Ultimately, progress and growth matter more than the final result. The result is typically a celebration of the process.

Intertwining Motivations

In addition to outcome, performance, and process goals, intrinsic and extrinsic motivations are intertwined. Intrinsic motivations are internal and revolve around the sheer joy and satisfaction derived from running. Many trail and ultrarunners find intrinsic motivation in "exploring new trails in the natural surroundings," reflecting their love for trail running.

External motivations are driven by outward factors like race medals, winning, Ultrasignup rankings, and recognition from others. While these external factors can motivate in the short term, they may lack long-term commitment. Balancing extrinsic and intrinsic motivations for a sustainable and fulfilling running experience is crucial.

Understanding the motivations behind our goals plays a critical role in enhancing and complementing our pursuit of these goals.

SMART Goal Framework

The SMART goal framework is a widely recognized and effective approach to goal setting that provides a structured and systematic way to define and achieve objectives. This framework is particularly valuable for trail and ultrarunners looking to set clear and attainable goals in their training and racing endeavors. Let's break down what SMART stands for and how it can be applied to running goals:

S - Specific: The first step in setting a SMART goal is to make it specific. A specific goal is well-defined and leaves no room for ambiguity. For trail and ultrarunners, specificity might involve clarifying the race distance, terrain type (e.g., mountainous trails), and location. Instead of a vague goal like "I want to run a trail race," a specific goal would be "I will complete the Silver Rush 50 Mile race in the Rocky Mountains."

M - Measurable: Goals should be measurable, allowing you to track your progress and determine when you've achieved them. In trail running, measurability can be related to time, distance, pace, or elevation gain. For example, "I plan to finish a 100K trail race in under 12 hours" is a measurable goal because it provides a clear benchmark for success.

A - Achievable: An achievable goal is realistic and attainable within your capabilities and resources. While aiming high is admirable, setting unrealistic goals can lead to frustration and inconsistent efforts in your pursuit. Assess your fitness level, available training time, support network, and other commitments to ensure your goal is achievable. For instance, "I will complete a 100-mile ultramarathon within one year, given my current training routine and available time" is achievable if it aligns with your abilities.

R - Relevant: Your goal should reflect your broader objectives and aspirations. It should align with your values, interests, and long-term plans. In trail running, a relevant goal might involve selecting races that match your passion for rugged terrain or adventure. For instance, "I want to compete in challenging mountain trail races because I'm passionate about conquering steep ascents and descents" is a relevant goal for a mountain-loving trail runner.

T - Time-Bound: Lastly, every goal should have a timeframe for completion. A time-bound goal creates urgency and helps you focus on your training and racing schedule. For example, "I intend to run a marathon-distance trail race within six months" sets a clear timeframe for your goal.

Trail and ultrarunners can transform vague aspirations into well-defined and achievable objectives by applying the SMART goal framework. This structured approach enhances motivation and improves the likelihood of success in training and racing pursuits. Whether you aim to complete a big race, achieve a personal best, or explore new trails, SMART goals can guide your process.

Define Your Goals

Now that you have a framework and clarity around your vision and motivation, you can outline your long-term goals. These should be ambitious and inspiring, representing your ultimate objectives in trail running, ultimately defining your future self. Long-term goals typically span several years. However, life moves fast, and so do your growth and interests! So, even if you take your long-term goals year by year, that's fine. The important thing is that you zoom out and look somewhat into the future, defining who you want to become.

Ensure your long-term goals are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART). For example, "Complete a 100-mile ultramarathon within the next three years" is a SMART long-term goal. While the goal should be achievable, it should also stretch you. The purpose of a goal is to direct and facilitate growth. Therefore, a long-term goal should be achievable in the future but out of reach today. This goal requires something of you. This goal requires work and growth.

Breaking It Down: Short-Term Goals

To work toward your long-term goals, break them down into short-term goals. This is the how-to process for making progress. Short-term goals should be achievable within weeks or months and contribute to your long-term vision.

Focus on areas that need improvement or skills you want to develop. For instance, if your long-term goal is to complete a 100-mile race, short-term goals might be to hire a coach and start building your support network while simultaneously building your running frequency and volume.

Short-term goals keep you focused and on the correct path toward your long-term goals. Remember the SMART goal approach as you set these short-term goals, being specific and measurable. Avoid vague goals here, such as "run more," as I did in the above paragraph. Instead, specify the skill, duration, or frequency required.

Remember that it's about achieving the goals and the person you become along the way. Your pursuit of goals is a testament to your growth and perseverance. The process of growth itself is the real destination.

Always keep your long-term vision in mind. Understand your intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, and find the perfect balance between the two. The SMART goal framework provides you a structured path to success.

Set your goals with ambition and precision, both in the long term and in the short term. Break them into manageable steps, ensuring each goal is Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-Bound. These goals will be the stepping stones to achieving your ultimate aspirations. 

Happy trails to a SMART 2024 and beyond!

Bored, Injured, or Experiencing a Plateau? Here’s How to Shake Up Your Running

Plus, coach-approved ways to shake up your training. We’re all for having a set run schedule, considering the ease it can bring to your life. You don’t have to formulate workouts on the fly or do any guesswork over how to reach your goals—simply lace up and follow the plan.

But sometimes, too much structure can backfire, causing you to fall into a rut. And that can zap the joy out of running, transforming the activity you once loved into nothing but negativity.

Fortunately, there are simple things you can do to bust out of a rut and get back into a happy running groove. First though, you have to identify that you’re in one. 

With that in mind, we tapped two coaches to learn the signs of when you might want to switch up your run routine, and what those signs might indicate. Plus, exactly how to inject excitement back into your runs. Let this be the permission you need to try something new. 

1. You Dread Working Out

It’s normal to feel less-than-chipper about an occasional workout, but if you find yourself outright dreading your runs more often than not, “it’s time to reassess,” Kaila DeRienzo, a South Carolina-based certified personal trainer and certified run coach tells Runner’s World. 

The potential cause: A few things could lead to dreading workouts. One possible culprit: Your workouts are too challenging because you’ve set a goal that’s unrealistic for your current fitness level, Kai Ng, USATF- and RRCA-certified run coach in New Jersey and New York, tells Runner’s World. Runs and workouts that are too hard cause you to overtrain and ultimately loathe your workouts because all you’re really doing is just beating up your body. 

Another potential cause: Other stressful factors in your life, such as a tough work schedule, or demanding caregiver responsibilities, or parenting duties, all of which can make it tough to devote as much time to running as your current training plan dictates, Ng says. 

The fix: First, have an honest conversation with yourself to understand why you’re feeling amiss, DeRienzo suggests. By identifying the root cause of your malaise, you can take targeted steps to address it, she explains. 

For example, if your dread is tied to a too-lofty goal, such as trying to run four days a week instead of aiming for a more manageable two days or aiming for a PR in a marathon instead of a half or 10K, then let yourself off the hook by lowering the bar. Though it’s great to dream big, it’s also important to be realistic. “Smaller wins are so, so important,” Ng says, as they help build confidence. 

If you pinpoint other factors in your life that are making it tough to stick with your current plan, be honest about what you’re actually able to commit to right now and adjust your routine accordingly, Ng suggests. Maybe this isn’t the season to log 50 miles a week, or finally run a marathon. That’s okay. Not every training cycle needs to end with a PR. 

Lastly, if you realize the sense of dread extends beyond running and into other areas of your life, you may be struggling with a mental health issue, such as depression. In this case, talk to a trained professional, DeRienzo says. 

2. You’re Really Bored

People get into running for various reasons, but one common thread that inspires folks to stick with it is that it engages and challenges them. If you find that your sense of joy about running has evaporated—for example, workouts or races that once felt exciting are now ho-hum—that’s worth looking into. 

The potential cause: You may not be challenged enough, Ng says. While all runners should regularly pencil in easy runs, only doing workouts that feel like a walk in the park can lead to boredom. 

Alternatively, you may not be injecting enough variety into your routine. Perhaps you run the same route every. single. day. Or you carbon copy your workouts week after week. That level of monotony can also lead to boredom. 

The fix: First, evaluate your fitness to get a solid sense of your current abilities in order to help figure out how to best challenge yourself. 

“Whether it is a fitness test, a time trial, a race, get out there and see where you’re at and how you stack up,” Ng says. From there, level up your plan as needed. You might want to talk to a coach for some helpful guidance. 

On the other hand, if you suspect your boredom is due to monotony, shake things up by exploring new running routes (Strava can be a great tool for this), joining a local run club (Ng suggests trying out a different one each week), or experimenting with different types of workouts. This could look like venturing out on trails if you’re typically a road runner or challenging yourself to run hills if you normally go flat. 

Dabbling in forms of exercise outside of running, such as swimming, cycling, dance, and Pilates—really whatever tickles your fancy—can also help add variety and excitement to your schedule. 

Finally, you can also reignite your spark with running by treating yourself to something novel, like a fresh pair of shoes, a snazzy new training outfit, or a fancy fitness tracker. “Getting something new always shakes things up,” says Ng. 

3. You’re Dealing with Injuries

According to 2021 study published in the Journal of Health and Sport Science, 50 percent of runners experience some type of injury every year that prevents them from running for a period of time, and 25 percent of runners are injured at any given time. These injuries can range from shin splints to ankle and knee problems. 

In other words: Almost every runner deals with injury at some point, but if ailments continuously crop up, that’s a surefire red flag your plan needs adjusting. 

The potential cause: Chances are, you’re overtraining by either running too many miles, logging too many high-intensity runs, or not allowing your body enough recovery time in between sessions, Ng says. 

The fix: It’s common sense, but it bears repeating: Don’t train through injury. Instead, scale back your running to allow your body time to heal. Seek help as needed from a physical therapist or coach to fully mend the issue and get their guidance on how to avoid future injuries. 

Keep in mind that factors like poor sleep and inadequate nutrition can increase your odds of injury, so take an honest look at your overall lifestyle and make adjustments as needed. 

4. Your Progress Has Stalled

If, despite consistent efforts, your performance in workouts and races has stagnated, then it’s high time to re-evaluate your current plan. 

The potential cause: You may be overtraining or struggling with a nutrition issue, says Ng, both of which can sabotage performance because your body isn’t getting the recovery it needs. Or, quite possibly, you don’t have enough variety in your routine, DeRienzo says. 

Over time, your body adapts to the work you demand, and if you don’t routinely challenge your body in novel ways, eventually you’ll stop seeing progress. 

As the American Council on Exercise explains: “Doing the same exercise repeatedly could lead to a plateau where no more physiological changes occur.” 

The fix: If you suspect you’re plateauing due to overtraining or nutrition problems, dial back your mileage and/or workout intensity and focus on eating frequent, well-balanced meals.

Also, inject other types of exercise into your schedule. “Move in different ways,” says Ng, explaining that most any type of cross-training movement—from strength training to skiing to swimming to yoga—is beneficial for runners. Because running is such a linear sport (you move in just one direction: forward), taking the time to build your strength and athleticism in other ways can ultimately make you a stronger, more resilient runner. 

Now, if you realize your stagnation is due to an unchanging run routine, spice things up however you can: Add speed work, hit the hills, challenge yourself to run longer, or try new interval workouts. “Having something new and exciting to look forward to each day of the week is going to keep it mentally stimulating and also keep your body stimulated, too,” DeRienzo explains. 

5. You Don’t Feel Confident in Your Workouts

If you don’t have a training plan, have low confidence in your program, or are unsure if the schedule you’re following is inching your toward your goals, it’s time to rethink your approach. 

The potential cause: Choosing the right training plan for you and your goals can help you feel accomplished by checking off workouts one by one. Plus, it will give more structure to your training so you get the right mix of intensities within your workouts and the right amount of rest—rather than simply winging it. If you have a plan, but it’s too generalized and not personalized to you, says DeRienzo, it may also leave you feeling less than confident in your training. “What somebody else does is not going to be the most beneficial” for your situation, she explains. 

The fix: Find the right training plan for you by determining your fitness level and your goals. (You can also use our quiz to point you in the right direction.)

If you're serious about becoming a better runner, you might also consider hiring a coach—even for just a few months—to get personalized guidance and a curated-for-you plan.

“There’s a myth that run coaching is super expensive,” says Derienzo. Truth is, “it’s a lot more affordable than personal training,” she says, noting that in her experiences, it’s realistic to find support for less than $100 per month. Search platforms like CoachUp, Training Peaks, and RunDoyen to connect with a pro. 

6. You’re Missing Workouts

While skipping a run here and there is NBD, if you’re consistently bailing on workouts, then your run plan clearly isn’t working for you. 

The potential cause: Life is probably too busy right now to sustain the level of running your plan requires, says Ng. Or, you may just need more rest. Either way, your current approach just isn’t appropriate for your schedule or fitness level. 

The fix: Take a close look at your schedule and map out which days make the most sense to do which workouts, says Ng. For example, instead of attempting long runs on Sundays like everyone, you might realize Wednesdays are more ideal since you don’t have any work meetings then. Or, perhaps Friday becomes your new strength training day instead of Tuesday, since the gym is less crowded then, making it easier to get in and out. 

Taking the time to rejigger your plan so that it actually makes sense with your schedule will increase your likelihood of sticking to it—and ultimately, seeing results. 

Of course, if you’re missing workouts because you really feel like you need it (or you’re injured), then it’s best to scrap your plan entirely and allow yourself the downtime you need to heal. 

Finally, if it’s your mental motivation that’s making you miss most of your planned runs, it’s probably time to take a break. “Get a breather and gather yourself,” says Ng. By putting distance between yourself and the sport, you can get a clearer picture of what you ultimately want to get out of running. 

Outdoor running vs. the treadmill in winter: which is better?

There is a long-standing debate in the running world between running outside and running on a treadmill–especially in winter, when conditions may send you into the gym more often than usual. Some runners refuse to step foot on the ‘mill, while others appreciate a good indoor session now and again. Each option has its merits, but is there a clear winner in the battle between outdoor and treadmill running, in terms of the benefit to your training?

Pros and cons of running outside

There’s something invigorating about hitting the pavement or trails and feeling the wind on your face. Outdoor running provides a direct connection to your environment. The constantly changing scenery and exposure to natural elements can boost our mood and overall sensory experience. Running outside also introduces irregular terrain and natural inclines and declines, which can provide an extra challenge and potentially improve your fitness.

Rain, snow, ice or extreme heat or cold can sometimes make heading outside unpleasant at best and dangerous at worst. 

Pros and cons of running on the treadmill

Running on a treadmill offers a controlled environment that eliminates the unpredictable factors of outdoor running. Treadmills allow you to easily customize your workout, adjusting the speed, incline and duration to specific training goals. This controlled setting is particularly useful for those recovering from injuries or seeking a consistent surface to lessen the impact on your joints.

Perhaps the biggest argument against treadmills is that they can be boring. The absence of natural scenery and lack of fresh air may feel monotonous, making it harder to stay motivated to complete your running sessions.

Are there physical differences between outdoor and treadmill running?

Sports science journalist and author Alex Hutchinson of Toronto says that, for the most part, there are no differences in training effects between outdoor running and the treadmill. “There have been a whole bunch of studies analyzing how running on a treadmill is different from running outdoors,” he says. “They do pick up some subtle differences in things like the angle of your knee, but overall these biomechanical differences are pretty negligible.”

The biggest difference between is the lack of air resistance on a treadmill, since you’re not moving forward in space. To counteract this, Hutchinson says runners can set the treadmill incline to 0.5 or 1 per cent, to mimic the effort you’d be putting in outdoors.

“Despite the lack of air resistance, a lot of studies find that treadmill running feels harder when you’re running fast,” he says. “This is probably less to do with physiology than psychology: it’s kind of nerve-wracking to be pushing close to your limits on a fast-moving treadmill, where one false step could send you shooting off the back. That might raise your heart rate a little, but should be less of an issue if you do a lot of treadmill running and get comfortable with the feeling.”

So what’s the verdict?

In the end, declaring one option as definitively better than the other would overlook the unique advantages each brings. Outdoor running stimulates the senses, while treadmill running offers control, convenience and consistency. If you’re training for an outdoor race, you should probably do at least some of your training outside, but both types of running are valuable. Variations in training goals, weather conditions, time constraints and personal preferences should dictate the choice between outdoor or treadmill running. 

Courtney Dauwalter and Jim Walmsley win 2023 Trail Runner of the Year

Trail running media community Freetrail have announced the winners of the Trail Runner of the Year (TROY), and the epic champions weren’t really a surprise: Americans Courtney Dauwalter and Jim Walmsley, both winners of the 2023 edition of UTMB.

TROY is a global award intended to recognize pro athletes within the sport by ranking their performances during the 2023 racing season. “It’s our hope that TROY will become an annual capstone, celebrating the year in competition,” Freetrail said when they created TROY in 2022.

Traditionally, contests like this one have been country-based, so Freetrail is taking a step toward inclusivity by making the competition international. “TROY is an extension of Freetrail’s mission to elevate the profile of the professional athletes in our sport while helping casual observers and the general public feel connected to their stories – hopefully creating diehard fans in the process,” Freetrail shares on its website.

We had some stellar Canadian athletes on the list, including Ailsa MacDonald of Cochrane, Alta., Edmonton’s Priscilla Forgie, Chilliwack’s Ihor Verys and Montreal’s Marianne Hogan. Americans took the lead, however, after remarkable performances in 2023.

Courtney Dauwalter

Ultrarunner and coach Corinne Malcolm says in the Freetrail announcement that “we are living in the Courtney Era and we aren’t mad about it.” The trail and ultrarunning community witnessed a historic chapter in 2023 as Dauwalter conquered the elusive triple crown of 100-mile races (Western States 100, Hardrock 100 and UTMB 171K) becoming the first person to win all three in one season.

Malcolm captures the essence of Dauwalter’s remarkable journey in 2023 when she says, “We’ve reached peak Courtney.” Before the triple was even an idea, Dauwalter kicked off her season with wins (setting new course records) at Bandera 100K, Transgrancanaria 128K classic, and a record-breaking performance at Western States 100 (WSER).

auwalter’s 2023 season unfolded as an extraordinary narrative of triumphs. Fans watched in awe when she ran to victory at WSER, breaking Canadian Ellie Greenwood‘s long-standing record by 77 minutes, and three weeks later, dominated the Hardrock 100, setting yet another course record.

The unexpected revelation of Dauwalter’s pursuit of the triple crown at UTMB adds a surreal dimension to her already illustrious season. “While she would go on to convincingly win her third world-class 100-mile of the season, completing a triple that will likely never happen ever again, she would also show us she was human, gritting through the final 50 km of the course… Leaving us absolutely speechless in the process,” Malcolm writes.

Jim Walmsley

Walmsley is a beloved fixture in the trail community, known for his immense talent and dedicated work ethic. Fans have followed the evolution of his ultrarunning career. Walsmsley’s journey is one of continuous growth, from three consecutive wins at WSER to a strategic move to Arêches, France, to learn from the likes of Francois D’Haene how to conquer UTMB.

“Just like for many of his mountain colleagues, that would also mean coming into the first spring race of the season off of largely ski fitness,” Malcolm says. “To qualify for the UTMB Finals Jim ran, won, and set the course record at the Istria by UTMB 100-mile race—in the process winning his first 100-mile race that wasn’t WSER.”

While temporarily sidelined with an ankle injury, Walmsley’s determination prevailed as he clinched victory at Trail La Frison Roche and, ultimately, UTMB. Fans watched a nail-biting race, with some doubts as to whether Walmsley would best compatriot Zach Miller, but “a switch flipped at Champex Lac,” and Walmsley secured his win in under 20 hours. Jim’s subsequent triumph at Nice Côte d’Azur by UTMB 100K not only cements his legacy but also earned him a golden ticket to WSER 2024, leaving the ultrarunning community in eager anticipation.

Four things runners should stop worrying about

There’s a lot of weird pressure in the running world to do certain arbitrary things, like log massive amounts of weekly mileage, run fascinating routes and document (or not document) all of it, update your watch every few months—the list is endless.

If you’ve ever felt slightly “less than” as you discussed your passion for creating artsy routes on Strava with someone who has decided to delete the app and “feels freer than ever,” you know the feeling. Maybe you love poring over the splits in your last hard workout, maybe you don’t worry about pace at all—either way, you’re an awesome runner. Here are five running “rules” to stop worrying about this year.

1.- It’s OK to love data (or hate it!)

Whether you’re hooked on wearable tech, subscribed to multiple running apps and geek out over data or you’re rocking a decade-old GPS watch with no idea what KOM means—it doesn’t matter. Embrace your running style, and ignore anyone who tries to make you change teams.

If you’re on the tech-friendly team, you probably gain valuable insight from perusing Strava, and if you’re the back-to-basics type, you never have to stress if you forget to charge your watch or have your Local Legend title stolen. Data lover or tech minimalist, the choice is yours, and there’s plenty we can all learn from each other.

2.- Run wherever you want

When my kids were teenagers, I got in the habit of never running too far from home. They often needed something, and I wanted to be able to help them out without a lot of stress and logistics. Now that they’re out of the house, I still gravitate to those same, loopy routes near my house. Hey, I’m close to snacks, a washroom and extra mittens.

Recently though, a fellow runner questioned my running routes on Strava.”Why do you always stay so close to home? There are trails all over the entire city,” he said. I felt bad about my chosen routes for a few minutes, and then I realized: it’s OK to run wherever you want. Whether it’s loops around your block or an epic FKT adventure across town—your run, your rules. Forget the naysayers—be proud of your chosen paths, be they familiar loops or exploring every nook and cranny of the city. There’s no wrong way to enjoy the run.

3.- Run whenever you want

For years, I desperately wanted to be an early-morning runner. Whenever I managed to get out the door at the crack of dawn, I would gloat about it all day. If you’re like me: stop that. Morning, noon or night—pick your run time and own it. No more feeling superior for being an early bird or guilty for not fitting into the “ideal” time slot.

Whether it’s a lunchtime jog or a midnight run, celebrate moving your body whenever it feels right for you. Run on your clock, not anyone else’s.

4.- Walk like a runner, talk like a runner

New runners, listen up: walking is not the enemy! Forget the pressure to ditch walk breaks. Whether it’s long strolls, quick breathers, or a mix of both—you’re still a runner. Brendan Leonard, author of I Hate Running and You Can Too, nails it: “Allowing yourself to walk makes running less daunting, less restrictive, less all-or-nothing. There are no rules, and no one’s keeping track but you, so figure out what works and use it to log some miles.”

The top five questions from experienced runners in 2024

No matter how long you’ve been running, there’s always something new to learn. As our knowledge of effective training practices and proper nutrition improves and new technologies are introduced, even experienced runners will have questions. From how to bust through a fitness plateau to fuelling tips for long runs, here are experienced runners’ top questions for 2024.

1.-How do you overcome a fitness plateau?

If you’re putting in the work but the time on the clock isn’t budging, the first step is to assess your training. Are you going too fast on your easy runs? Are you recovering properly (i.e., getting enough sleep and nutrition) between workouts? If you don’t already have a training log, start filling one out after each run, and look for patterns.

Other ways to bust through a fitness plateau include:

Adding speed work, like intervals, tempo runs and hill workouts into your training plan

Adding two short, weekly strength training sessions to improve your power and efficiency

Starting training with a group to help you stay on track

Considering getting a coach to help you create a training plan that’s specific to your goals

2.- How can I avoid injuries as I increase mileage and intensity?

As you increase mileage and intensity, proper recovery and nutrition become even more important. Make sure you’re getting at least seven to nine hours of sleep each night, and always eat well to replenish calories burned after your runs. (Treats are OK!)

Other ways to prevent injuries include:

Get assessed by a physiotherapist to find out where your weak points are, to prevent injuries before they happen

Talk to a dietitian to figure out what (and how much) to eat before and after workouts

Add strength training 

Consider getting a coach to help you periodize your training properly so you don’t do too much too soon

Include a stretching and mobility practice in your weekly routine to keep your joints and muscles moving well

3.- What are some advanced fuelling tips for long runs?

If you’re training for a longer race such as a half-marathon or marathon, you must practice your fuelling strategy ahead of time during your long runs. For most runners, it takes time for your body to get used to taking in fuel during a run, and trying that for the first time on race day can send you running for the porta potty. Other fuelling tips include:

Carbohydrate loading: In the days leading up to a race, it can be beneficial to increase your carbohydrate intake to maximize glycogen stores. Aim to consume around two to four grams of carbohydrates per kilogram of body weight per day before the race.

Pre-race meal: Consume a carbohydrate-rich meal two to four hours before the race starts. Aim for around one to four grams of carbohydrates per kilogram of body weight for this meal. Try different things (oatmeal, toast, cereal, etc.) to find out what works for you.

During the race: For longer races (e.g. marathons, ultras), aim to consume 30 to 60 grams of carbohydrates per hour, using energy gels, sports drinks, chews or easily digestible foods such as bananas or dates.

4.- Is there a difference between running outside and on the treadmill?

While many runners will argue that running outside is more fun, the treadmill is a great option when the outdoor conditions are dangerous or simply unpleasant. If you’re training for a race, though, it’s important to do most of your runs on the same surface you’ll be racing on–so unless you’re training for a treadmill race, do your best to get outside whenever possible.

5.- What other running gear would you recommend for someone who already has the basics?

If you already have the basics covered, consider investing in the following:

a smartwatch for data tracking

an extra pair of shoes to alternate between in training, to extend the life of your shoes

specific-use shoes, like a pair of racing shoes, winter running shoes if necessary, or trail shoes 

a fuel belt or hydration vest for longer runs

Agnes Ngetich to attack 10km world record in Valencia

Agnes Ngetich is eager to break the 10km world record when she heads to the 10K Valencia Ibercaja.

Trailblazing athlete Agnes Ngetich will attack the 10km road race when she heads to the 16th edition of the 10K Valencia Ibercaja on Sunday 14 January.

The race, which has already closed its registrations after exhausting the available numbers, will feature more than 100 elite athletes from fifteen different nationalities in search of their best marks in the city of running.

Valencia is known to produce faster times and world records with the current men’s world record that was set in 2020 by Rhonex Kipruto (26:24) still in place.

Ngetich will be hoping to go one step better with the aim to improve her best time achieved in Lille (France) in 2023. At the time, she was only 12 seconds behind the world record held by Yalemzerf Yehualaw (Castellón 2022, 29:14).

The coordinator of the elite athletes of the race, José Enrique Muñoz Acuña, has assured that the athlete will be keen to arrive at the starting line in top form to try to unseat the world record of the Ethiopian.

Ugandan athlete Jacob Kiplimo, current world record holder in the half marathon headlines the men’s field.

Rodrigue Kwizera (Burundi, 26:56), Pietro Riva (Italy, 27:50), and Richard Douma (Netherlands, 28:08) will also be in the mix.

Also on the starting line will be the refugee athlete from South Sudan who has recently obtained Swiss nationality Dominic Lobalu, and won the last edition of the 10K.

Abdessamad Oukhelfen will lead the Spanish elite in men and Agueda Marques in women, who come to the 10K in excellent shape and with great ambitions.

Strava's Year in Sport reports Gen Z's like running short and fast

Is the era of high-mileage runs a thing of the past? Strava, the globally acclaimed GPS and fitness tracking app, has just released its year-end trends report, and the findings are interesting. Running once again claimed the title of the most popular activity upload, but what caught everyone’s attention was the distinct running behaviour of different generations, especially the shorter runs by Gen Z’s. 

Gen Z, aged 11-26, emerged as the speed demons, boasting the fastest average pace (5:14/km) among the four generations surveyed. However, what turned heads was their knack for shorter runs, with an average distance of 5.3 kilometres (3.3 miles). In a surprising twist, baby boomers, aged 57-75, may not win the speed race, but they certainly win the endurance marathon, consistently logging the longest average run of 6.4 kilometres (4 miles).

According to Strava’s report, Gen Z not only sprints but does so with a purpose—athletic performance. These younguns are the least likely to exercise for health alone, preferring the thrill of competition or the camaraderie of friends, run clubs or group fitness activities. Time and work emerged as their primary constraints, a testament to their busy lifestyles and limited time for exercise.

The Year in Sport data was compiled from Oct. 1, 2022, to Sept. 30, 2023 and included insights from 6,990 respondents worldwide. Boomers, in contrast to Gen Z, leaned towards cycling, being twice as likely to upload rides than runs. Gen Z, on the other hand, flipped the script, almost doubling the likelihood of uploading runs compared to rides, reflecting the surge in race participation in 2023.

This trend among Gen Z isn’t an isolated finding. A 2022 U.S. census report revealed that nearly 60 per cent of Gen Z adults engage in running or jogging for fitness at least once a week, far surpassing the general population’s 26 per cent.

Strava’s report also sheds light on the evolving landscape of athletic footwear preferences. Hoka, On and Asics emerged as top choices on Strava in 2023, indicating a growing affinity for newer and innovative athletic brands among runners. 

While running dominated uploads on Strava for the second consecutive year, the rise of trail running and hiking is a noteworthy trend, experiencing a remarkable 20 per cent increase from 2022.

New Chipotle and Strava challenge offers a year's worth of free bowls

We’re only a few days into 2024, and the fast-food chain Chipotle Mexican Grill and Strava have already released the collaboration of the year. Runners, brace yourselves for a potential year-long supply of free Chipotle Lifestyle Bowls–all it takes is to become a Local Legend on a few Strava segments.

Chipotle spilled the beans in a recent study, confirming that nearly seven out of 10 consumers are avid runners who make Chipotle their go-to post-training treat. Joining forces with Strava, they’ve rolled out “Chipotle segments” –exclusive stretches of roads and trails where athletes can compete for glory, chasing the fastest times and efforts on the leaderboard. Here’s the twist–the athlete who holds the Local Legend title in six U.S. cities will receive free Chipotle Lifestyle Bowls for a year.

Local Legends are Strava’s nod to dedicated athletes. They crown the person running a particular segment the most times in a rolling 90-day window. It’s not about pace or speed; it’s about pure dedication.

“Runners chase popular Strava segment in Denver airport” — Canadian Running Magazine

This sizzling promotion lights up in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Washington D.C., Denver and Columbus, Ohio. But fear not, Canadian runners! Let’s crank up the buzz on Chipotle socials and try to bring this epic challenge to cities across Canada. The race is on from Jan. 2 to 31, 2024.

If you don’t live in, or aren’t visiting, any of the six cities anytime soon, Chipotle has come up with another contest for everyone with the “No Quitters Challenge.” Launching on Strava on Jan. 15, this worldwide streak-based challenge rewards fans committed to healthy habits post-Quitters Day, Jan 12. Completing the challenge earns you a shot at a free side of guac, redeemable at any Chipotle Mexican Grill, if you can log at least 40 minutes of activity each week on Strava from Jan. 15 through Jan. 28.

British trail runner found dead after going missing on run

A 40-year-old British ultrarunner was found dead on Tuesday morning following a two-day search. Edward Catmur of London went missing on a run in Cumbria, U.K., on New Year’s Eve.

According to the BBC and Cumbria police, Catmur travelled to Cumbria intending to run through the North Pennines from Dufton, near Appleby, to Cross Fell and Hartside Cross. He was reported missing on New Year’s Day after not being heard from after 10 a.m. on Dec. 31.

The local police sent out a rescue team on Jan. 1, following Catmur’s planned route on Monday. A police helicopter found his body on a snow-covered trail on Monday night in the Cross Fell area, just north of Penrith. There was a large snowfall in the area, according to the police.

This was not Catmur’s first time visiting or running in the Lake District National Park area; he previously ran the Bob Graham Round with a few friends in 2021, completing the 110 km loop in just under 24 hours.

Catmur was a software engineer living in Chicago but was back in the U.K. for the holidays. He was an avid runner. On the day before he went missing (Dec. 30), he participated in Penrith parkrun, where he ran an 18-minute 5K. He also competed at the 2023 Comrades Marathon, where he finished 254th. He also won the challenger race at the Montane Spine Race in 2015.

Fell running is the sport of running and racing off-road, over upland country where the gradient climbed is a significant component of the difficulty. The name arises from the origins of the English sport on the fells of northern Britain, especially those in the Lake District.

Running For 12 Hours Straight Taught Me Real Confidence

You’re stronger than you think.

When I hear people say, “You can do it!” I’m usually skeptical.

People tend to say that when they have nothing else more encouraging to say. So that kind of positive affirmation — while appreciated — does not exactly provide the substantial and “real” encouragement I’m looking for.

Nowadays, when I find myself lacking in self-confidence, or when I’m feeling like a big failure as a writer because my short stories and essays keep getting rejected by publications, I find myself thinking about that fateful morning in early 2018 — when I first started to get into trail running.

It took me 12 hours to finish my first 25-kilometer mountain race.

For those unfamiliar with trail running, 12 hours is a long, long time to finish 25K. The race’s cut-off time is 8 hours — which is already generous. Yet, I didn’t make it.

Nevertheless, that 12-hour 25K run taught me what real confidence is.

It was the Mount Ugo Marathon, which had qualifying points for UTMB. The UTMB, set in the French Alps, is one of the biggest and most prestigious mountain races in the world. To qualify, a runner has to gather enough points from difficult, qualifying races — like the Mount Ugo Marathon.

The Marathon offered 50K and 25K distances. And since it was my first time, I joined the 25K.

We started at the base of a mountain in Kayapa, Nueva Vizcaya. The first few kilometers were paved roads. Then it turned into dirt roads and eventually trails. Over mountain ranges, it was 10 kilometers of almost vertical uphill.

I’d lift each leg over the other and feel my ankles threaten to rip from the constant battle against gravity. I no longer bothered to look up because the damn mountain just kept going on and on. And I cursed myself for not having more uphill training.

Eventually, we reached a more forgiving part of the trail — flat enough that I could jog it. And I started gaining speed and momentum.

When I hear people say, “You can do it!” I’m usually skeptical. People tend to say that when they have nothing else more encouraging to say.

At the turning point for 25K runners (the 50K runners had a different route), a race official told me I was running 11th. I was excited. I thought if I maintained my pace and outran another runner, I’d be part of the top 10! Not a bad way to finish my first half-marathon.

I reached an intersection that had no marks or ribbons. I was confused. And I kind of assumed trail races would be like roads; you just keep going, and you’ll eventually find the right way because the signs will be so obvious. This is a big mistake because, I would later learn, mountain trails don’t work that way at all!

But I wanted to get that Top 10 so bad that I simply picked a path, hoped it was the right one, and gunned through.

I thought I’d turn back if I didn’t see any markings/ribbons after five minutes of running. But then I saw one! So I kept going.

A few mountains later, the ribbons suddenly stopped appearing. I started getting nervous.

Am I on the right path?

But the ribbon indicated this trail path. There were no intersections so far.

Should I keep going? Maybe there’s another ribbon ahead.

I’d later learn I followed some old markings from the previous year’s race. I guess the race organizers didn’t thoroughly remove all markings in that area since it was supposedly far from the designated route. If only I studied the course map, I’d have known something was wrong. But I didn’t, so I kept running through the previous race’s 50K route.

Back then, I didn’t have a smartphone. I had an old Nokia from my dad; the kind that can only call and text. And the signal was bad. So I had no way of knowing where I was via GPS, and I also couldn’t call someone for help.

I decided to reach the peak of the closest mountain I could find.

Maybe if I can get an overview of the place, I’ll have a better idea of where I am.

I reached the mountain’s summit and stared at a panorama of rice fields and cows. No houses or humans in sight. I knew then that I was very much lost.

At that point, I’d been running for over five hours in the mountains. The sun was high above, painful on the skin. I’d traveled so far from the race route that I’d run out of food and water. I only had one last bottle of Gatorade left. And not a single morsel of food.

The fatigue was growing underneath my muscles. My legs felt like chunks of cement blocks; they felt so heavy I could barely lift them.

I thought of Bear Grylls and whether I had to drink my pee while waiting for rescue.

I took a sip of my dwindling Gatorade and tried to push the panic away; those thoughts attack you when you’re in a vulnerable state. Thoughts that I might end up dying on that mountain of hunger or thirst or wild buffaloes. Or that they’d find me delirious, babbling about cows and rice fields, after days of searching.

 I started walking back, slowly. I climbed one hill after another. Midway up the last hill, I sat on the trail. My legs couldn’t walk anymore. Like, literally. People often say, “I can’t walk anymore” — even if, with enough willpower, they still can. But for the first time, regardless of willpower, I felt that my legs couldn’t take another step. So I sat in the middle of that trail.

My calves cramped for the third time and I screamed in pain.

The pain came along with the panic. Am I going to go Bear Grylls from here?

Freaking Bear Grylls. Why did I have to think of the man in the middle of a crisis?

I focused on my breathing to calm myself. I have to survive. So I rested for a bit. And slowly, while conserving my energy, I made my way back up, one super slow step after another.

When I finally returned to the intersection where I first got lost, some race officials were there. They were sweepers — race marshals who were going through the route to support laggards and slowpokes like me. At that point, more than eight hours had passed. The sweepers pointed me in the right direction. And I limped until I reached the final Aid Station, which was 10 kilometers away from the finish line.

My body had never felt so broken, so tired, so truly and utterly exhausted.

At the aid station, I thought I saw a bunch of angels — helpful, smiling volunteers who fed me fruits and nuts and marshmallows and chocolates. They gave me water and electrolyte drinks. They sprayed my legs with something that helped ease the cramps. It was one of the happiest moments in my life.

After I recovered enough to speak, I said to one of the volunteers:

“I don’t think I can walk the next 10 kilometers. When does the sweeper transport arrive?”

The transport was used to ferry people who could no longer finish the race on their own feet.

“The last transport just left,” the volunteer replied. “Another truck would arrive in four hours to sweep the 50K runners who’ll drop out.”

I took a deep breath. Four more hours. What do I do? Wait?

I’ve already lost the race. Even if I reached the finish line now, I’d still be a non-official finisher. But how do I go home and not feel super bad about the failure of my first 25K? Then a small thought came:

Why don’t I try limping my way down? Maybe the transport will arrive earlier and they’ll be able to pick me up along the way. Or if not, another sweeper will pass me by and help me.

Since the volunteers at the aid station couldn’t leave their posts to assist me, I decided to see how far I could go.

I filled my running vest with food and my bottles with electrolyte drinks. I bid farewell to those angels at the aid station, and then, finally, I dragged my feet and started limping.

I limped my way to the finish line after 12 hours.

I avoided the finish line itself. I was embarrassed to have people see my race bib and know that I was actually from the 25K, not the 50K, and that it took me 12 hours to reach the finish line. But apparently, the race director knew about this lost 25K runner after the sweepers reported it. And he kindly welcomed me and congratulated me for finishing — even if it wasn’t an “official” finish.

I made it back on my own two feet.

And that’s when I realized it: I did it even though I thought and fully believed I couldn’t.

I did it, even when I felt like giving up. I did it, even when I didn’t believe in myself.

So whenever I face something that destroys my self-confidence, I often return to that memory.

When I feel like giving up, or I’m spent and exhausted, and my brain and body are telling me I can’t do it anymore — I push myself to take one more tiny step. Just a little step forward, to see how far I can go.

Because I have done it before and succeeded. And I’m confident I can do it again.

Running Strides Makes Me Look Ridiculous, But They Also Make Me Faster

Yeah, doing strides in public can make you look funny. They’re also crucial to improving form and speed.

When I first moved to my small Pennsylvania city two years ago, I naturally scoped out the training basics: a greenway for long runs and tempos, dirt trails for easy days, a track, and—to be used most frequently—a flat patch of grass or road at least 100 meters long within a block or two of my house. That last one might sound unnecessarily specific.

I was looking for a spot where I could run “strides.” Strides (never “striders”) are an imperative part of my year-round training, no matter what distance I’m targeting. After easy runs, I do four to eight strides, somewhere around 5K pace, taking enough time between each one to get my heart rate back down. They’re faster than my normal running pace, but not fast enough to make my legs sore. The purpose isn’t to make me tired, but to keep me in touch with some speed and reinforce proper biomechanics at the late stages of a run. While most coaches recommend doing strides for 100 meters, I typically eyeball it. A city block, a football field, or even just 10 to 15 seconds is close enough.

Before I start strides, I do a series of drills to prime my legs for faster running and to establish good form, like making powerful contact with the ground and landing my feet underneath my hips. I do ankle dribbles, calf dribbles, knee dribbles, straight-leg bounds, fast leg (right leg), and fast leg (left leg). All with a slow walk back to the start before beginning the next percussive drill. Then I start my strides.

The dream spot for strides is an artificial-turf soccer field where I can take off my shoes when I feel like it, but in my town, I have to settle for a fairly busy back alley. The street attracts construction workers getting McDonald’s coffee before work, mothers pushing strollers, daily dog walkers, my neighbor who sometimes smokes weed on her porch. So during the four times a week I “stride out,” I can’t help but feel a little self-conscious. I assume the people walking near me think I’m strange for barreling down the street at race pace. Sometimes I’m worried that people will think I’m chasing them. There’s always a part of me that wants to explain to bystanders what I’m doing: I promise I’m not trying to steal your purse, I just want to PR in the half marathon! 

One morning, I noticed a man at the end of the alley. He was sitting behind an easel, facing down the road toward me. It reminded me of an exercise I did in high school: Our art class was told to find a place in the city to set up and paint whatever we saw. Most things—buildings, signs, trees—remain consistently still, so you’re able to fill in details with appropriate hues and shadows. But some things move quickly. You might not have time to paint the skateboarder that flies across the street. I like to imagine I made it into the man’s painting. I was doing strides in the alley for about 10 minutes, enough time for him to get a good look. Even though I always wonder if people are watching me when I do strides, he’s the only person I’m certain was.

Since beginning to run as a high school junior nine years ago, I’ve learned that training is always a little bit embarrassing. To truly maximize my potential, I have to be comfortable with being uncomfortable. Not just in races or hard workouts, where physical discomfort is inevitable, but I’ve accepted that being vulnerable is how I grow stronger and more confident. 

I’ve got to be okay with doing things a little differently. Sometimes I’m embarrassed when I come up with a lame excuse to get out of happy hour because I have a workout the next day. Or I feel self-conscious lifting small weights at the gym, because I’m focused on injury prevention, not bulking up. But nothing humbles me more than doing strides down a public alley at 7 in the morning. 

The Weirdest Things Runners Found in 2023

Angry cows, lost kittens, exotic fish, oh my!While on a trip outside, getting the miles in, runners usually focus on the task at hand, perhaps hoping to find a new personal best. Sometimes, however, what they see in the middle of a run can range from bizarre to downright absurd, and in 2023, those findings delivered. From extinct fish and ancient teeth to many cows and other livestock, these are the strangest things runners came across in 2023.

A runner in Australia—running along Primrose Sands Beach in Tasmania—stumbled upon a fish many scientists thought was locally extinct. The fish, known as a spotted handfish, was dead when found by runner Kerri Yare, who was struck by the odd look of the sea-dweller. The handfish is characterized by orange fins resembling webbed duck feet, measuring about 3-4 inches.

“If you’ve never seen a handfish before, imagine dipping a toad in some brightly colored paint, telling it a sad story, and forcing it to wear gloves two sizes too big,” the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation said about the discovery. The CSIRO says that the spotted handfish once had a thriving population along Tasmania’s east coast. Still, over the last three decades, their numbers have shrunk due to dredge fisheries and the invasive North Pacific seastar, which prey on the fish’s eggs and the sea tulips they use to spawn. The CSIRO also said that spotted handfish are “rare and elusive,” since their size and solitary lifestyles make them tricky to spot—perhaps even more challenging when running past them at a decent pace.

Not to be outdone by merely finding an extinct animal, one runner made a downright prehistoric discovery while on the run.

Jim Smith of Santa Cruz, California, was on a run when he discovered a mastodon tooth on the beach dating from the Ice Age. Scientists believe the prehistoric elephants roamed North and Central America before going extinct 2,000 years ago. Despite being a couple of millennia old, this was the second sighting of the tooth in a week. A tourist had seen the mastodon molar a week before, with images of the tooth circulating on social media. However, when workers from the Santa Cruz County Museum of Natural History went to look for it, they found no trace. Luckily, Smith found it while out on his run and turned it into the museum to study.

Of course, not all animals found while counting morning miles are extinct or petrified; some just got stuck and needed assistance. That’s what happened when Brian Glover of San Francisco heard a bark while running along Ocean Beach. “I turned around immediately to make sure I wasn’t about to get jumped by a dog,” Glover told Runner’s World. However, nothing was behind him. “I continued running, and I just kept thinking back to the way the dog’s bark sounded.”

After 10 minutes of peering between crevices and calling out, Glover finally saw a pair of eyes staring back at him from a small hole beneath the rocks. He reached down to help, but the anxious animal growled in fear. Luckily, it was still low tide, but the canine only had a few more hours until the ocean crept towards the rocks. Glover rushed home and called San Francisco Animal Care & Control to help. Soon after, animal control called Glover to inform him they rescued the dog, Gwen, and delivered her back to her owners unharmed.

Not just dogs needed rescuing from runners this year, as one stray kitten in Chicago can tell you.

While running in the Chicago Marathon, Sarah Bohan, a mere 5 miles from the finish, discovered a stray cat that had been separated from its mother. “I saw this fluffy thing scurrying under a bridge and recognized it as a dirty, scared cat that was obviously a stray separated from its mother.” Setting aside her need for a PR, Bohan, who says she was running the race for Team PAWS Chicago, one of the country's largest No Kill animal welfare organizations, knew she had to act. Upon discovering the kitten, she and another runner, Gia Nigro walked for about a mile, asking spectators along the way if they could care for the cat. Eventually, they found a cat owner who promised she’d look after the kitten.

Once they knew the kitten was in good hands, Bohan and Nigro finished the race together.

Not all animals runners find along the run need assistance. Aggressive cows also dominated the headlines in 2023, as two separate incidences of aggressive cows were reported.

A 43-year-old woman was injured when a bull charged at her while preparing for a run on the Whistle Stop trail in Farmington, Maine.

According to police, the woman said she was “lifted off the ground by the animal’s horns but was able to escape into the nearby tree line.”

She required stitches from a laceration, according to the police report. Since the incident was reported on April 1, the police department let the public know this wasn’t an April Fool’s Day prank in their statement.

In another attack, a runner was hospitalized after being attacked by a small herd of cows on a Colorado trail. Another person called 911 after seeing the runner trying to protect themselves while on the ground surrounded by 15 to 20 cows, mostly mothers with their calves.

Rangers responded within 15 minutes, and the runner was taken to the hospital. The attack led to the trail's closure, while rangers advised runners to run away from any cows in the area. A sign at the start of the trail reads: “Give Cows Space. They Can Be Aggressive.” Words to live by.

Other livestock also chased after runners, although less aggressively. A group of goats in Ontario, Canada, caused runners to hoof it in the opposite direction as they gave chase. The Ontario Provincial Police posted on X about the runner’s run-in with the goats, which occurred near the Grenville Park Camping and RV Park in the township of Johnstown, near Ottawa. Besides throwing in goat-related puns about the animals, police didn’t share detailed information about the encounter.