Running News Daily

Why are track running and road running so different?

In case you missed Jakob Ingebrigtsen’s half-marathon debut at the Copenhagen Half Marathon last weekend, it didn’t quite unfold as expected. Many believed the Norwegian middle-distance star would challenge the world record of 57:30 and easily break the one-hour mark for 21.1 kilometres. However, as even the most talented runners have learned, the transition from track to road racing is far from simple. Ingebrigtsen, like so many before him, fell victim to a classic mistake—going out too fast–which led to him walking at the halfway point.

Despite this, Ingebrigtsen still finished 34th, with a time of 63:13—a strong debut, though well below expectations for the reigning Olympic 5,000m champion; his time was more than five minutes behind winner Kenya’s Sebastian Sawe, who ran a blistering 58:05.

Ingebrigtsen has been one of the most dominant middle-distance runners in the world over the past four years, racking up numerous titles and accolades between 1,500m and 5,000m. Even though his mile personal best of 3:43.73 is the second-fastest in history, the leap from track to long-distance road running, particularly the half-marathon (or marathon), requires a completely different approach. While both distances demand physical and mental strength, marathoning and long-distance events call for more patience and experience.

On the track, Ingebrigtsen is accustomed to controlled environments, with perfect surfaces, consistent pacing and distances that are short enough that errors can be overcome with a kick. In contrast, the half-marathon requires not just endurance, but precise pacing and energy management over a much longer period. These skills become second nature to the world’s most experienced distance runners, but for a track star dipping his foot into the world of road racing, it presents new challenges. Starting too fast, as Ingebrigtsen did (coming through 10K in 27:27) is a detriment in longer road races, where proper pacing is crucial to avoid bonking.

The 24-year-old admitted as much after the race. In an interview with Olympics.com, he confessed, “Twenty-one km is definitely too long! I’m definitely not going to try again for a couple of years. It’s fun but tough. I tried to stay with the leading group for as long as I could.”

He also revealed he doesn’t ever run more than 21 km in training, and had this to say on Instagram: “My deepest respect to all you long-distance runners! Just realized the meaning of the term ‘run like hell.’ And thank you, Copenhagen Half, for the warm welcome!”

Building mileage and incorporating long runs are fundamental to half-marathon and marathon training, as they prepare both the body and mind for the prolonged strain of going the distance. Long runs are valuable practice for developing race-day strategies, establishing a rhythm and managing nutrition/fluid intake. If Ingebrigtsen wasn’t covering the distance in training, expecting a record time on race day would have been a very tall order.

His debut serves as a reminder that dominance on the track doesn’t guarantee instant success on the roads. Road racing takes time to master, and his performance in Copenhagen likely taught the 24-year-old some valuable lessons, should he choose to revisit the half-marathon distance in the future.