Running News Daily

The Evolution of Marathon Running: A Kenyan Perspective

I can still vividly remember when 2:08:32 in the marathon seemed like an unbreakable barrier. Derek Clayton of Australia set this world record back in 1969 at the Antwerp Marathon—a time so remarkable that it stood for nearly 12 years. Now, hundreds of runners have far surpassed that mark. Today, running a sub-2:05 marathon has become almost routine, particularly for athletes from Africa.

On the women’s side, the achievements are just as groundbreaking. Ruth Chepngetich of Kenya recently made history at the 2024 Chicago Marathon by breaking the 2:10 barrier, finishing in a stunning 2:09:56. While this remarkable time is still awaiting ratification, it is set to redefine the boundaries of women’s marathon running. This performance follows the previous world record of 2:11:53, set by Tigst Assefa of Ethiopia at the 2023 Berlin Marathon. These times show just how far women’s marathon performances have progressed in recent years.

While advancements like “magic” shoes have undoubtedly played a role in these extraordinary performances, it’s important to note that better pacing by other professional runners, now a standard practice, has also made a significant difference. These pacesetters help keep athletes on target through much of the race, ensuring consistency and reducing mental strain. However, the story of record-breaking runs runs much deeper than technology and pacing strategies.

In Kenya alone, there are at least 80,000 distance runners who dream of nothing else but becoming professional athletes. For them, running isn’t just a passion—it’s a path to success and stability.

At the Kenyan Athletics Training Academy (KATA), the training camp I established in Thika, Kenya, we house, feed, and train aspiring athletes. I Each week, I receive messages from 10 or more runners hoping to join our program. For these athletes, running is not a hobby or a pastime. It’s a career aspiration, with the ultimate goal of winning races and securing prize money. They love running, but make no mistake—their drive is fueled by the potential to achieve financial security and support their families.

Contrast this with the United States, where very few runners train with the sole focus of becoming professional athletes. Instead, many children grow up dreaming of careers in sports like baseball, basketball, football, or, more recently, soccer. The talent pool for these sports is massive, and from this base, the superstars emerge.

That said, American marathoners have delivered incredible performances. Ryan Hall’s 2:04:58 at the 2011 Boston Marathon remains a monumental achievement, showcasing what U.S. athletes are capable of on a favorable course. On the women’s side, runners like Keira D’Amato (2:19:12) and Emily Sisson (2:18:29, an American record) are setting new benchmarks, proving that the U.S. can compete at the highest levels.

In the U.S., running is often a lifestyle choice rather than a career ambition. Recreational and “fun” runners dominate the scene, which has its benefits—contributing to a higher average life expectancy (76 years in the U.S. compared to 63 in Kenya). In Kenya, it’s rare to see runners over 40 years old out training. The focus there is on younger athletes whose primary goal is to make a living through running.

For many in Kenya, running is the equivalent of pursuing a high-paying job in other fields. This mentality dates back to pioneers like Kip Keino, who opened the door for countless Kenyan athletes to achieve global success. His legacy inspired generations, and today, Kenyan runners—both men and women—continue to push the limits of human potential.

As marathon times keep dropping and prize money continues to grow, I believe we’ll see even faster performances from both men and women—especially in Africa, where running is deeply ingrained as a pathway to opportunity.