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Moderate Exercise Isn't Enough to Offset Sitting All Day, Study Says

If you sit for most of the day, even moderate exercise may not undo the health risks of prolonged sitting, according to a new study published in the journal PLoS ONE.

The study included people ages 28 to 49 who, on average, spend more than 8.5 hours sitting each day. Even when participants met the recommended 150 minutes of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week, they still had higher levels of body mass index (BMI) and elevated total cholesterol.

However, those who spent 30 minutes per day doing vigorous exercise—such as running, playing basketball, or swimming laps—had cholesterol levels similar to those of sedentary people five years younger.

For younger adults, vigorous activities seem to be the most helpful in offsetting the harms of extended sitting, said Ryan Bruellman, MS, an author of the study and a doctoral candidate in the Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Bioinformatics at UC Riverside.

Sitting for too long is not only bad for your back, but it may also speed up the aging process.

“When you don’t move all day, your muscles don’t do the job they’re supposed to do in terms of helping to remove blood sugar and helping to break down fats in the blood,” Keith Diaz, PhD, a certified exercise physiologist and an associate professor of behavioral medicine at Columbia University Medical Center, told Verywell.

People who spend their day sitting behind a desk have a 16% higher chance of death and a 34% higher risk of heart disease compared to those who are more active at work, according to a study published in JAMA Network Open.

One in four American adults sit at least eight hours each day. If you fall into this group, what can you do to reduce the risks that come with sitting most of the day?

Watch How Long You’re Sitting Every Day

Exercise is important, but reducing sitting time is key to cutting down on the risks that come with sedentary behavior. A study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that older women who sat for 11 to 12 hours per day still had a high risk for heart disease and death even if they were physically active.

“Individuals can be both highly active and highly sedentary. For example, someone could walk or run or go to the gym every day but still sit for more than 10 hours per day across work and leisure time,” said Steve Nguyen, PhD, MPH, a postdoctoral scholar at the Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science at UC San Diego and first author of the study.

It’s not always easy to get up from your desk. But, when possible, try working movement breaks into your routine. Stand up and move around while on the phone, plan walking meetings with colleagues, or consider a treadmill or cycle desk.

“Sedentary behavior is definitely something we should try to reduce,” Nguyen said.

Take a One-Minute Walk Every Hour

Standing desks might seem like a good solution to sitting all day, but standing for too long might also come with risks, according to a recent study published in the International Journal of Epidemiology.

That study found that standing instead of sitting won’t necessarily decrease heart disease risk. It could actually increase the chance of varicose veins or orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure that causes dizziness and fainting).

“You have to find a way to move during your day. We know without a doubt that movement is healthier than sitting. So if you’re looking to do something, try to break up your sitting time with some walking, not standing,” Diaz said.

Getting up from your desk and taking a light five-minute walk every half hour has benefits for blood sugar and blood pressure, according to a study Diaz conducted last year.

“That’s a really hard ask for a lot of people,” Diaz said. “Our lowest dose that we tested—move every hour for just one minute—still reduced blood pressure by four to five points. If you do it every hour, you still get some health benefit.”

(11/17/2024) Views: 35 ⚡AMP